Silvicultural treatments for converting loblolly pine to longleaf pine dominance: Effects on planted longleaf pine seedlings

Wang, G. Geoff; Walke, Joan L.; Knapp, Benjamin O.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2012.03.031

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Seedling size positively affects the survival rate of longleaf pine seedlings following burning (Croker & Boyer, 1975;Brockway et al, 2006), thus, seedlings under the lower stand densities reached relatively larger size, had better root development, and were better able to tolerate fire. Average RCD growth rates of the seedlings in this study were consistent with several studies in the literature (Gagnon et al, 2003;Dyson, 2010;Hu et al, 2012;Knapp et al, 2013). Longleaf pine seedling growth usually decreases as overstory stocking increases (Pecot et al 2007).…”

Section: Seedling Survival and Growthsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of basal area on survival and growth of longleaf pine when practicing selection silviculture

2017

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Aim of study: Uneven-aged (UEA) management systems can achieve multiple-use objectives, however, use of UEA techniques to manage longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) forests are still open to question, because of the species' intolerance of competition. It was our aim to examine the influence of different levels (9.2, 13.8 and 18.4 m 2 ha -1 ) of residual basal area (RBA) on longleaf pine seedling survival and growth following three growing seasons.Area of study: This study was conducted at the Escambia Experimental Forest, located on the Southern Coastal Plain of Alabama, in the southeastern United States.Material and Methods: Selection silviculture was implemented with the Proportional-Basal Area (Pro-B) method. Prescribed burning was conducted before seed dispersal and in the second year after germination. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) was measured under the canopy in the study plots. Survival and growth of longleaf pine seedlings were observed for three growing seasons.Main results: An inverse relationship was found between the number of germinants and RBA, but the mortality of germinants and planted seedlings was not affected by RBA. At age three, an inverse relationship was observed between root-collar diameter (RCD) growth of the germinants and RBA, but RCD growth of planted seedlings was not affected by RBA. Most of the study plots contained more than the projected number of seedlings needed to sustain the target diameter structure.Research highlights: Long-term continuous monitoring of seedling development and recruitment into canopy is required to determine the efficacy of UEA management. However, current data suggest that UEA methods may be a viable alternative to the use of even-aged (EA) methods in longleaf ecosystems.

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Section: Seedling Survival and Growthsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effects of basal area on survival and growth of longleaf pine when practicing selection silviculture

2017

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“…We expect that the higher productivity of the fine-textured soils resulted in rapid growth of woody plants following release from canopy competition. Maintaining higher basal areas and spatially distributing residual trees in ways that ensure relatively continuous needle cast for fire management are both important considerations for restoration, especially on fine-textured soils (Palik et al, 1997;Kirkman et al, 2007;Hu et al, 2012;Knapp et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting broadleaf woody vegetation in upland pine forests managed for longleaf pine restoration

Addington

Knapp

Sorrell

et al. 2015

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…) and loblolly pine (Hu et al. ; Knapp et al. ), although seedling growth is reduced by the retention of canopy trees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Treatments designed to facilitate longleaf pine seedling establishment were evaluated for their effects on underplanted longleaf pine seedlings (Hu et al. ,b), fuels and fire behaviour (Knapp et al. ) and, in this study, the structure and composition (by selected plant groups) of ground layer and midstorey vegetation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fuel inputs provided by needle-fall from the existing canopy pines are important for introducing or maintaining frequent fire regimes in longleaf, slash and loblolly pine forests (Kirkman et al 2007;Mitchell et al 2009;Knapp et al 2011). Several studies have shown that longleaf pine seedlings are capable of establishing beneath canopies of longleaf pine (Palik et al 1997;Pecot et al 2007), slash pine (Kirkman et al 2007) and loblolly pine (Hu et al 2012a;Knapp et al 2013), although seedling growth is reduced by the retention of canopy trees. However, the regeneration and development of undesirable tree species in the midstorey may also be slowed by canopy retention (Kirkman et al 2007;Jack et al 2010;Knapp et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Silvicultural treatments for converting loblolly pine to longleaf pine dominance: effects on ground layer and midstorey vegetation

Knapp

Wang

Walker

2016

Applied Vegetation Science

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Questions How do management practices used to enhance longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) seedling survival and growth under a loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) canopy alter the structure of midstorey and ground layer vegetation? Do management treatments achieve general restoration targets for longleaf pine ecosystem structure? Location Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, NC, USA within the Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain Ecoregion. Methods Four levels of timber harvest were applied to loblolly pine stands: Control (uncut, basal area ~16.2 m2·ha−1), MedBA (residual basal area ~9.0 m2·ha−1), LowBA (residual basal area ~6.4 m2·ha−1) and Clearcut (residual basal area of 0 m2·ha−1). Within each canopy treatment, we applied three cultural treatments selected to facilitate longleaf pine seedling success: NT (untreated), H (chemical control of woody vegetation) and H + F (chemical control plus fertilization). Vegetation responses, including the abundance (cover) of ground layer vegetation and midstorey stem densities, were reported for three growing seasons (2008–2010) following canopy removal. Results The ground layer was dominated by woody vegetation, and total vegetation cover generally increased with increasing canopy removal. Canopy treatment effects varied through time. Clearcut plots had higher total herbaceous and graminoid cover than MedBA and Control plots in 2008, while woody cover was significantly lower on Control plots than on LowBA and Clearcut plots in 2009. Clearcut plots had higher densities of loblolly pines than Control plots in 2009 and 2010. The herbicide treatment reduced hardwood densities, but increased loblolly pine densities, especially in 2010. Conclusions Successful restoration prescriptions are often site‐specific because of different land‐use history, climate, site characteristics and starting conditions. To achieve the restoration objective of creating an open midstorey with an herbaceous‐dominated ground layer when converting loblolly pine stands to longleaf pine dominance on relatively productive sites with abundant hardwoods and aggressive loblolly pine natural regeneration, canopy retention can slow the rate of development of loblolly pine regeneration and herbicides reduce hardwood stem densities. Frequent, repeated burning would likely be required to further reduce woody vegetation and increase the relative abundance of herbaceous vegetation.

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Silvicultural treatments for converting loblolly pine to longleaf pine dominance: Effects on planted longleaf pine seedlings

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

Effects of basal area on survival and growth of longleaf pine when practicing selection silviculture

Effects of basal area on survival and growth of longleaf pine when practicing selection silviculture

Factors affecting broadleaf woody vegetation in upland pine forests managed for longleaf pine restoration

Silvicultural treatments for converting loblolly pine to longleaf pine dominance: effects on ground layer and midstorey vegetation

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