Silver Recovery Methods from Photographic Wastes

Nakiboğlu, Nuri

doi:10.1142/9781786344588_0007

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Seid (2011) proved that silver could be extracted after 3 min treatment with alkaline protease at 55°C and pH 10.5, while Shankar et al (2010) mentioned complete silver extraction after 6 min of using alkaline protease extracted from C. coronatus. Nakiboglu et al (2003) could extract silver in 15 min after using the protease enzyme extracted from B. subtilis ATCC 6633; while using enzyme extracted from Aspergillus versicolor, Choudhary et al (2013) extracted silver in 15 min. Also, Foda et al (2013) extracted silver after 1 h of incubation with alkaline protease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…X-ray films contain about 1.5 to 2% ratio of silver in gelatin-coated film made from polyester layer. And it can restore this quantity of silver by dissolving gelatin layer in alkaline protease to be used for other purposes (Nakiboglu et al, 2003). X-ray film is a rich source of silver, which is distributed in the gelatin layer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…E-mail: aalabdalall@uod.edu.sa. (Nakiboglu et al, 2003). Gelatin is a protein from animal collagen, which contains a large number of glycine, proline and 4hydroxyproline residues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recovery of silver from used X-ray film using alkaline protease from Bacillus subtilis sub sp. subtilis

Al-Abdalall¹,

Al-Khaldi²

2016

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Silver is an important industrial metal used in several areas such as photographic and x-ray films, jewelries, silver wares and electronic objects. Silver is used for photographic film/x-ray film because of its matchless quality as a light-sensitive material for making a photographic image. Silver is not destroyed in the photographic process and it can be reused and recovered. Results have proven that, bacterial alkaline protease can be used to extract silver in 30 min, but its activity decreases with increasing incubation period. Gelatin hydrolysis was monitored by measuring the increase in turbidity of the hydrolysate, which was accompanied by release of protein and hydroxyproline. The protease of the culture filtrate used was 97 U/ml after 30 min, but it decreased to 86.5U/ml after 60 min. After 90 min, it reached 85 U/ml. A great inactivation was recorded after 120 min; it got to 39.5 and 36.5% (U/ml) after 180 min. Gelatin layer was stripped completely within 30 min with 97 U ml-1 protease at 50°C and pH 8. At the end of the treatment, gelatin layer was completely removed and the polyester film was left clean. In addition, silver was recovered in the hydrolysate, both of which can be reused.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recovery of silver from used X-ray film using alkaline protease from Bacillus subtilis sub sp. subtilis

Al-Abdalall¹,

Al-Khaldi²

2016

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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“…Furthermore, the polyester film on which emulsion of silver and gelatin is coated cannot be recovered by these methods. Enzyme-based method may be developed that may not only recover silver efficiently but might have minimal impact on the environment (Nakiboglu et al 2003). Proteases have been reported to possess excellent gelatinolytic activity for successful recovery of silver from X-ray films.…”

Section: Proteases In Photographic Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential application spectrum of microbial proteases for clean and green industrial production

Singh

Bajaj

2017

Energ. Ecol. Environ.

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Enzymes are the cornerstones of metabolism and constitute the fundamental basis for existence of life. However, recently enzymes are being implicated in diverse industrial processes because of their specific and fast action for efficient bioconversion of substrate to product, and their capability to save raw materials, energy and chemicals for various manufacturing processes. Enzymes are considered as environment-friendly (green) chemicals that may potentially help replacing completely or reducing the usage of hazardous chemicals for industrial processes, thus promising sustainable production and manufacturing. Among various industrial enzymes microbial proteases dominate the world enzyme market due to their multifaceted application potential in varied bioindustries like food, pharmaceutical, textile, photographic, leather and detergent. Promising applications of proteases in agricultural sector for instance may include biocontrol of pests, degumming of silk, selective delignification of hemp and wool processing. However, for successful industrial applications the proteases must be robust enough to suit the process conditions which are generally hostile. Proteases intended for industrial applications must have activity and stability over wide range of temperature and pH extremes for prolonged time periods and even in the presence of various potential enzyme inhibitors. Of various microbial proteases those from Bacillus spp. have got special significance because the latter are known for their ability to produce sturdy enzymes that might have suitability for industrial process conditions. The current article presents an interpretive summary of the recent developments on application potential of proteases for various industries.

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“…In recent years, pure silver is employed in the manufacture of the electronic products and other advanced materials. Therefore, it is very important to recycle the secondary resources, such as the printed circuit boards of waste mobile phones or computers, medical X-ray process effluents [7][8][9] , photographic films 10) , crushed AuAg Wastes, silver sulphide precipitates, metallic scraps, anode slime, and spent catalyst 1) . In order to recover pure silver from secondary resources, metallic silver should be dissolved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Leaching of Silver from Diverse Resources

Xing¹,

Lee²

2017

Journal of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling

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The special properties of silver are often indispensable in the manufacture of advanced materials. Therefore, it is of importance to develop a process to recover silver which is necessary for the production of advanced materials from diverse resources. In this manuscript, the developed processes for the leaching of silver from diverse resources are reviewed. For this purpose, the advantages and disadvantages of using some inorganic acids (nitric and sulfuric acid) and their mixture with other oxidizing agents (ozone, oxygen, hydrogen peroxide and ferric ion) were investigated. Moreover, the leaching of silver with thiourea and thiosulfate was compared over those by inorganic acids in terms of environmental effect.

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Silver Recovery Methods from Photographic Wastes

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Recovery of silver from used X-ray film using alkaline protease from Bacillus subtilis sub sp. subtilis

Recovery of silver from used X-ray film using alkaline protease from Bacillus subtilis sub sp. subtilis

Potential application spectrum of microbial proteases for clean and green industrial production

Chemical Leaching of Silver from Diverse Resources

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