Silver Nitrate and Different Culture Vessels Influence High Frequency Microrhizome Induction In Vitro and Enhancement Growth of Turmeric Plantlet During Ex Vitro Acclimatization

Abstract

Eleven cultivars of C. longa var. Lakadong were collected from Manipur having different topography. Curcumin content in different cultivars has been analyzed by using UV-Visible Spectrophotometer (100 Bio-Carry Spectrophotometer). The curcuminoids content were analyzed and quantified for identification of best quality cultivar. Thoubal Cultivar with highest curcumin content (9.44%) was subjected for tissue culture technique using different culture vessels and silver nitrate for rapid multiplication and scaling up of microrhizome production. High multiplication rate of 27.40±0.47 were obtained in Murashige and Skoog's medium supplemented with 3% sucrose + 1 mg L -1 α-napthalene acetic acid, 4 mg L -1 6-benzyl-amino-purine and 11 µM silver nitrate. Effect of different culture vessels and silver nitrate were studied for microrhizome and multiple shoots formation. Relatively higher rate of shoots along with microrhizome (17.5±0.32) can be seen in Growtek which was grown without any plant growth regulator. Growtek was used for scaling up of microrhizome production in vitro and utmost microrhizome was produced in liquid Murashige and Skoog's medium supplemented with 8% sucrose, 1 mg L -1 α-napthalene acetic acid, 4 mg L -1 6-benzyl-amino-purine and 11 µM silver nitrate (36.25±0.27). Addition of silver nitrate in the medium resulted in improvement of microrhizome induction in vitro. Higher concentration of silver nitrate (33, 44, 66, 88 µM) negatively affected the microrhizome and shoot multiplication and shows inhibition of tissue response completely. Analysis of in vitro derived plantlets during acclimatization shows that the exogenous applied of silver nitrate shows superior growth as compared to control. 90-95% of plantlets with and 75-80% plantlets without silver nitrate treatment were successfully established under ex vitro acclimatization. The protocol could be utilized for large scale production of true-to-type plantlets and as alternative method to step forward towards an improved commercial propagation system for more efficient and productivity.

In vitro acclimatization of <i>Curcuma longa</i> under controlled <i>iso</i>-osmotic conditions

“…In vitro acclimatization is one of the most important processes to acclimatize in vitro plantlets before transplanting into soil in the greenhouse with high survival rate (>90%) and rapid growth performances (Thingbaijam et al 2012). The key factors for acclimatization process of in vitro and ex vitro using physical and chemical treatments have been reported to regulate the physiological adaptations, i.e., water relation, photosynthetic abilities (chlorophyll pigment, chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthesis) and stomatal function as well as overall growth promotion in the greenhouse and field conditions (Salvi et al 2002;Thingbaijam et al 2012). Previously, only 70-75% survival rate of acclimatized turmeric plantlets has been reported, and poorly acclimatized plantlets are not adapted to field conditions (only 45-50% survival rate, Perić et al 2012).…”