Silver nanoparticles‐modified films versus biomedical device‐associated infections

Abstract

A serious issue related to biomedical devices (BDs) is that of bacterial infections. BDs colonized by bacteria may cause infection or mortality. To prevent such infections, an effective strategy is to develop novel BDs with antibacterial abilities via various surface modification processes. Thus, plenty of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs)-modified films were brought forward to because of their potential applications in improving the antibacterial properties of BDs. This article reviews the difficulties in diagnosing and treating biomedical device-associated infections as well as the state of arts in fabricating the Ag NPs-modified films for antibacterial applications. In addition, the nanoeffect of silver particles and the cytotoxicity of Ag NPs are also discussed. It is clear that safe and durable Ag NPs-modified films are more desirable for the BDs prone to bacteria. To further extend the investigations on controlling the toxicity path of Ag NPs to both bacteria and mammalian cells, developing novel green fabrication processes with more 'cleaner' (without accompaniment of ligands or reduction agents) Ag NPs should be the first mission for the material scientists to complete.

Nanoparticles Functionalized with Ampicillin Destroy Multiple-Antibiotic-Resistant Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter aerogenes and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

“…The rate of killing was determined over time. At 1,2,3,4,6,8,18, and 24 h, the cultures were sampled, and the numbers of live bacteria present at each time point were determined. The bacterial input at time zero was 5 ϫ 10 9 per sample.…”

When enough is enough

“…A further eight review articles in scientific journals followed in 2010 [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] , plus substantial reports commissioned by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the US (which ran to 221 pages) 19 and the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission (426 pages) 20 . Two of the review articles in journals were also funded by the European Commission 14,16 .…”

Silver nanoparticles and their orthopaedic applications

“…[1][2][3] As a non-specific biocidal agent, in suitable doses silver is not toxic to mammalian cells and disinfects a broad spectrum of bacterial and fungal species, including antibiotic-resistant strains. [1][2][3] Silver and silver nanoparticles are used as antimicrobials in a variety of industrial, healthcare and domestic applications. 4,5 Silver has been incorporated into wound dressings, and as an antimicrobial coating on medical devices in order to prevent biofilm formation.…”