Silver Nanoparticles from Annona muricata Peel and Leaf Extracts as a Potential Potent, Biocompatible and Low Cost Antitumor Tool

Abstract

Cancer is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world and requires new therapies for its treatment. In this context, the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has been developed to treat different types of tumors. The Annona muricata plant is known for having anticancer activity. Its main compounds present in the leaves, stems and skin, allowing for its use as reducing agents. In this manuscript, AgNPs with leaf extract (AgNPs-LE) and fruit peel extract (AgNPs-PE) of A. muricata were biosynthesized obtaining an average nanoparticle diameter sizes smaller than 50 nm, being 19.63 ± 3.7 nm and 16.56 ± 4.1 nm, and with a surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) at 447 and 448 nm, respectively. The lactone functional group present in the LE and PE extracts was identified by the FTIR technique. The behavior and antiproliferation activity of AgNPs-LE and AgNPs-PE were evaluated in breast, colon and melanoma cancer cell lines. Our results showed that Annona muricata fruit peel, which is a waste product, has an antitumor effect more potent than leaf extract. This difference is maintained with AgNPs where the destruction of cancer cells was, for the first time, achieved using concentrations that do not exceed 3 μg/mL with a better therapeutic index in the different tumor strains. In conclusion, we present a low-cost one-step experimental setup to generate AgNPs-PE whose in-vitro biocompatibility and powerful therapeutic effect make it a very attractive tool worth exploiting.

Antitumor Potential of Annona muricata Linn. An Edible and Medicinal Plant in Mexico: In Vitro, In Vivo, and Toxicological Studies

“…Acetogenins have been identified as one of the major bioactive compounds of A. muricata with activity on several cancer cell lines [15,16]. The ethanol extracts obtained from aerial parts from A. muricata in combination with doxorubicin showed important cytotoxic activity on 4T1 cells and other cancer cell lines [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Although there is an extensive amount of information about the cytotoxic properties of A. muricata, no information is available regarding its anti-cancer potential in specifically breast cancer using the extracts of plants collected in different periods of the year, and regarding the location of the place of recollection and its influences on their pharmacological and toxic properties.…”

EGF-Coupled Gold Nanoparticles Increase the Expression of CNPase and the Myelin-Associated Proteins MAG, MOG, and MBP in the Septal Nucleus Demyelinated by Cuprizone

“…To determine whether EGF was coupled with GNPs, we analyzed GNPs and EGF–GNPs solutions with UV–Vis spectroscopy as described previously [ 11 , 12 ]. Briefly, 200 µL of each solution was added to the cell of the UV–Vis equipment (Varian Cary 5000 UV–Vis-NIR, Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA), then each solution was diluted in 800 µL of deionized water until cell was filled.…”

Synthesis, Characterization and Biomedical Application of Silver Nanoparticles

“…Physical method for synthesis of AgNPs includes evaporation-condensation, laser ablation, solvated metal atom deposition (SMAD) method and ball milling and gamma irradiation [72][73][74][75]. The most important physical methods are evaporation-condensation and laser ablation [76,77].…”

“…Additionally, this method required a specific kilowatt of power from a typical furnace and a certain amount of time to reach a stable temperature. Additionally, the synthesis of AgNPs requires the use of radiation as a reducing agent rather than a hazardous chemical [72]. This method was used to synthesize nanospheres from a variety of metal materials, including Ag [78].…”