Silver nanoparticles as a viricidal agent to inhibit plant-infecting viruses and disrupt their acquisition and transmission by their aphid vector

Gamal, Ahmed Y. El; Tohamy, M.R.A.; Abou-Zaid, Mohamed; Atia, Mahmoud M.; Sayed, Tarek El; Farroh, Khaled Yehia

doi:10.1007/s00705-021-05280-y

Cited by 21 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The absorbance value of A405 of the sample was reported to be positive for the presence of viruses if it was double the threshold value of the healthy control samples. The viral inhibition index was measured according to El Gamal et al (2022) as follows:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Disease incidence was calculated using the formula: Disease incidence (%) = Total number of infected plants/total number of plants × 100 ( El Gamal et al, 2022 ). The disease severity (DS) was recorded using the rating scale: 0 indicates no symptoms, 1 indicates chlorotic local lesions and mild mosaic, 2 indicates severe mosaic, and 3 indicates malformation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where "C" represents the mean average A 405 value of untreated positive control plants (virus group, G2) and "T" represents the average A 405 value of each treatment group (G3 and G4). Disease incidence was calculated using the formula: Disease incidence (%) = Total number of infected plants/total number of plants × 100 (El Gamal et al, 2022). The disease severity (DS) was recorded using the rating scale: 0 indicates no symptoms, 1 indicates chlorotic local lesions and mild mosaic, 2 indicates severe mosaic, and 3 indicates malformation.…”

Section: Disease Assessment and Detection Of Bean Yellow Mosaic Virus...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancing systemic resistance in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) to Bean yellow mosaic virus via soil application and foliar spray of nitrogen-fixing Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae strain 33504-Alex1

et al. 2022

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Rhizobium spp. manifests strong nitrogen fixation ability in legumes. However, their significance as biocontrol agents and antivirals has rarely been investigated. Under greenhouse conditions, the molecularly identified nitrogen-fixing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae strain 33504-Alex1, isolated from the root nodules of faba bean plants, was tested as a soil inoculum or a foliar application to trigger faba bean plants’ resistance against Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) infection. Compared to the non-treated faba bean plants, the applications of 33504-Alex1 in either soil or foliar application significantly promoted growth and improved total chlorophyll content, resulting in a considerable reduction in disease incidence and severity and the inhibition index of BYMV in the treated faba bean plants. Furthermore, the protective activities of 33504-Alex1 were associated with significant reductions in non-enzymatic oxidative stress markers [hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA)] and remarkably increased DPPH free radical scavenging activity and total phenolic content compared to the BYMV treatment at 20 days post-inoculation. Additionally, an increase in reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO)] and induced transcriptional levels of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins (PR-1, PR-3, and PR-5) were observed. Of the 19 polyphenolic compounds detected in faba bean leaves by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, gallic and vanillic acids were completely shut down in BYMV treatment. Interestingly, the 33504-Alex1 treatments were associated with the induction and accumulation of the most detected polyphenolic compounds. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis showed hexadecanoic acid 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester, tetraneurin-A-Diol, oleic acid, and isochiapin B are the major compounds in the ethyl acetate extract of 33504-Alex1 culture filtrate (CF), suggesting it acts as an elicitor for the induction of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in faba bean plants. Consequently, the capacity of R. leguminosarum bv. viciae strain 33504-Alex1 to enhance plant growth and induce systemic resistance to BYMV infection will support the incorporation of 33504-Alex1 as a fertilizer and biocontrol agent and offer a new strategy for crop protection, sustainability, and environmental safety in agriculture production.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Disease Assessment and Detection Of Bean Yellow Mosaic Virus...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancing systemic resistance in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) to Bean yellow mosaic virus via soil application and foliar spray of nitrogen-fixing Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae strain 33504-Alex1

et al. 2022

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“…Fifteen replicate plants (one plant per pot) were obtained for each treatment. Stock solutions of 100 mg AgNPs per liter and 0.4 mg of AgNO 3 per liter were prepared in ultrapure water, as this dose of AgNPs previously showed effects on virus acquisition and acted as a fungicide on wilt disease with no negative impacts on plants or the soil community ( El Gamal et al, 2022 ; Kaur et al, 2018 ). The application was performed three times per day for a week by using a hand-held spray bottle, with a total volume of 50 mL per plant during 7 days of exposure, resulting in an approximate total delivered mass of 0.02 mg Ag + per plant and 5 mg of AgNPs per plant.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in primary metabolites and volatile organic compounds in cotton seedling leaves exposed to silver ions and silver nanoparticles revealed by metabolomic analysis

Yang¹,

Du²,

Lai³

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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In the area of climate change, nanotechnology provides handy tools for improving crop production and assuring sustainability in global agricultural system. Due to excellent physiological and biochemical properties, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been widely studied for potential use in agriculture. However, there are concerns about the mechanism of the toxic effects of the accumulation of AgNPs on crop growth and development. In this study, the impacts of AgNPs on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) seedlings were evaluated by integrating physiological and comprehensive metabolomic analyses. Potting-soil-grown, two-week-old cotton seedlings were foliar-exposed to 5 mg/plant AgNP or 0.02 mg/plant Ag+ (equivalent to the free Ag+ released from AgNPs). Primary metabolites and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) GC-MS, respectively. AgNPs inhibited the photosynthetic capacity of the cotton leaves. The metabolic spectrum analysis identified and quantified 73 primary metabolites and 45 VOCs in cotton leaves. Both treatments significantly changed the metabolite profiles of plant leaves. Among the primary metabolites, AgNPs induced marked changes in amino acids, sugars and sugar alcohols. Among the VOCs, 13 volatiles, mainly aldehydes, alkanes and terpenoids, were specifically altered only in response to AgNPs. In summary, our study showed that the comprehensive influence of AgNPs on primary metabolites and VOCs was not merely attributed to the released Ag+ but was caused by AgNP-specific effects on cotton leaves. These results provide important knowledge about the physiological and chemical changes in cotton leaves upon exposure to AgNPs and offer a new insight for supporting the sustainable use of AgNPs in agriculture.

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“…The ineffective results for the currently used CMV control measures, in terms of expense and environmental impact, highlight the urgent need for new and effective eco-friendly control procedures. With respect to their broad promising biological activities, including medical, environmental, and industrial applications, there has recently been a growing interest in implementing NPs in agriculture [ 17 , 18 ]. Several studies reported different NPs’ ability to enhance plant resistance to various abiotic and biotic stresses [ 19 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocimum basilicum-Mediated Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Induces Innate Immune Responses against Cucumber Mosaic Virus in Squash

Abdelkhalek

El‐Gendi

Al-Otibi

et al. 2022

Plants

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Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) causes a significant threat to crop output sustainability and human nutrition worldwide, since it is one of the most prevalent plant viruses infecting most kinds of plants. Nowadays, different types of nanomaterials are applied as a control agent against different phytopathogens. However, their effects against viral infections are still limited. In the current study, the antiviral activities of the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) mediated by aqueous extract of Ocimum basilicum against cucumber mosaic virus in squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) were investigated. The prepared Ag-NPs were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and zeta potential distribution techniques. DLS, SEM, and TEM analyses showed that the Ag-NPs were spherical, with sizes ranging from 26.3 to 83 nm with an average particle size of about 32.6 nm. FTIR identified different functional groups responsible for the capping and stability of Ag-NPs. The zeta potential was reported as being −11.1 mV. Under greenhouse conditions, foliar sprays of Ag-NPs (100 µg/mL) promoted growth, delayed disease symptom development, and significantly reduced CMV accumulation levels of treated plants compared to non-treated plants. Treatment with Ag-NPs 24 h before or after CMV infection reduced CMV accumulation levels by 92% and 86%, respectively. There was also a significant increase in total soluble carbohydrates, free radical scavenging activity, antioxidant enzymes (PPO, SOD, and POX), as well as total phenolic and flavonoid content. Furthermore, systemic resistance was induced by significantly increasing the expression levels of pathogenesis-related genes (PR-1 and PR-5) and polyphenolic pathway genes (HCT and CHI). These findings suggest that Ag-NPs produced by O. basilicum could be used as an elicitor agent and as a control agent in the induction and management of plant viral infections.

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Silver nanoparticles as a viricidal agent to inhibit plant-infecting viruses and disrupt their acquisition and transmission by their aphid vector

Cited by 21 publications

References 43 publications

Enhancing systemic resistance in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) to Bean yellow mosaic virus via soil application and foliar spray of nitrogen-fixing Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae strain 33504-Alex1

Enhancing systemic resistance in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) to Bean yellow mosaic virus via soil application and foliar spray of nitrogen-fixing Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae strain 33504-Alex1

Changes in primary metabolites and volatile organic compounds in cotton seedling leaves exposed to silver ions and silver nanoparticles revealed by metabolomic analysis

Ocimum basilicum-Mediated Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Induces Innate Immune Responses against Cucumber Mosaic Virus in Squash

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