Abstract:The use of AgNP is becoming more and more widespread in biomedical field. But compared with the promising bactericidal function, other physiological effects of AgNP on cells are relatively scant. In this research, we propose quantitative phase microscopy (QPM) as a new method to study the degranulation, and AgNP-induced RBL-2H3 cell degranulation is studied as well. Firstly, HeLa cells as the cell control and PBS as the solvent control, we measured the cell volume and cross section profile (x-z plane) with QPM… Show more
“…To the best of our knowledge, the present study's data demonstrating that AgNP 20 , but not AgNP 70 , promote degranulation in human PMN are the first to be reported in the literature. These results are in agreement with previous studies demonstrating AgNP could induce degranulation in rodent mast cells Yang et al 2010). Although not of human origin, these cells were found to degranulate in response to AgNP with a diameter of 20 nm (at 25 and 50 mg/ml), but not of 110 nm .…”
The influence of size of nanoparticles (NP), especially in regard to pulmonary toxicity, has been widely investigated. In general, NP with smaller diameters are more pro-inflammatory in vivo, at least in terms of neutrophil influx. Nevertheless, the influence of size of NP on polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) cell biology is poorly documented. In the study here, it was decided to determine if AgNP with a diameter of 70 nm (AgNP70) will alter the biology of human PMN similarly to AgNP20 previously reported to induce apoptosis and inhibit de novo protein synthesis. The results here indicated that, in contrast to AgNP20, AgNP70 delayed PMN apoptosis. However, both AgNP20 and AgNP70 inhibited de novo protein synthesis. Both forms of AgNP did not significantly increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, but AgNP20 significantly increased the cell production of the CXCL8 chemokine (IL-8). In addition, AgNP20, but not AgNP70, induced the release of albumin and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9/gelatinase B) into culture supernatants. Consistent with this latter observation, gelatinase activity was increased by AgNP20, as assessed by zymography. From these outcomes, it is concluded that two NP with different initial diameters can possess similar - as well as distinct - biological properties in modulating human PMN functions. These outcomes are testimony to the complexity of the modes of action of NP at the cellular level.
“…To the best of our knowledge, the present study's data demonstrating that AgNP 20 , but not AgNP 70 , promote degranulation in human PMN are the first to be reported in the literature. These results are in agreement with previous studies demonstrating AgNP could induce degranulation in rodent mast cells Yang et al 2010). Although not of human origin, these cells were found to degranulate in response to AgNP with a diameter of 20 nm (at 25 and 50 mg/ml), but not of 110 nm .…”
The influence of size of nanoparticles (NP), especially in regard to pulmonary toxicity, has been widely investigated. In general, NP with smaller diameters are more pro-inflammatory in vivo, at least in terms of neutrophil influx. Nevertheless, the influence of size of NP on polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) cell biology is poorly documented. In the study here, it was decided to determine if AgNP with a diameter of 70 nm (AgNP70) will alter the biology of human PMN similarly to AgNP20 previously reported to induce apoptosis and inhibit de novo protein synthesis. The results here indicated that, in contrast to AgNP20, AgNP70 delayed PMN apoptosis. However, both AgNP20 and AgNP70 inhibited de novo protein synthesis. Both forms of AgNP did not significantly increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, but AgNP20 significantly increased the cell production of the CXCL8 chemokine (IL-8). In addition, AgNP20, but not AgNP70, induced the release of albumin and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9/gelatinase B) into culture supernatants. Consistent with this latter observation, gelatinase activity was increased by AgNP20, as assessed by zymography. From these outcomes, it is concluded that two NP with different initial diameters can possess similar - as well as distinct - biological properties in modulating human PMN functions. These outcomes are testimony to the complexity of the modes of action of NP at the cellular level.
“…The degranulation of RBL‐2H3 cells has been studied by different microscopies to show their degranulation processes (Huang et al ., ; Yang et al ., ). But the limited resolution of light microscopy still restricts our understanding of the detailed degranulation processes of RBL‐2H3 cells.…”
“…Furthermore, other studies have observed that the toxicity of silver NPs versus Ag + ions on mammalian cells showed significant toxic effects starting from 200 nM NP concentration [ 35 ], which suggests that our NPs are more toxic. Literature also suggests that other effects on the rat basophilic leukemia cells, such as degranulation, may occur [ 39 ]. We would like to add, that according to the experimental evidence presented in this work the origin of the photoluminescence of silver nanoclusters reported in previous publication [ 40 ] must be glycine dimers, and not the intrinsic emission of the silver clusters, as we suggested before.…”
The application of luminescent silver nanoparticles as imaging agents for neural stem and rat basophilic leukemia cells was demonstrated. The experimental size dependence of the extinction and emission spectra for silver nanoparticles were also studied. The nanoparticles were functionalized with fluorescent glycine dimers. Spectral position of the resonance extinction and photoluminescence emission for particles with average diameters ranging from 9 to 32 nm were examined. As the particle size increased, the spectral peaks for both extinction and the intrinsic emission of silver nanoparticles shifted to the red end of the spectrum. The intrinsic photoluminescence of the particles was orders of magnitude weaker and was spectrally separated from the photoluminescence of the glycine dimer ligands. The spectral position of the ligand emission was independent of the particle size; however, the quantum yield of the nanoparticle-ligand system was size-dependent. This was attributed to the enhancement of the ligand’s emission caused by the local electric field strength’s dependence on the particle size. The maximum quantum yield determined for the nanoparticle-ligand complex was (5.2 ± 0.1) %. The nanoparticles were able to penetrate cell membranes of rat basophilic leukemia and neural stem cells fixed with paraformaldehyde. Additionally, toxicity studies were performed. It was found that towards rat basophilic leukemia cells, luminescent silver nanoparticles had a toxic effect in the silver atom concentration range of 10–100 μM.
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