Silver Nanoforms as a Therapeutic Agent for Killing Escherichia coli and Certain ESKAPE Pathogens

Abstract

The scope of this study included the preparation of silver nanoforms with high antimicrobial efficacy, low cost, and ease of application. The term ‘silver nanoforms’ refers to silver located on the amorphous or crystalline titanium dioxide (TiO2). Silver nanoforms may be used as an alternative to antibiotics in killing bacteria. Pure and silver-incorporated titanium (used as a carrier) was prepared using the sol–gel-modified method. Physical and chemical properties of the samples were described, and the antibacterial activity was indicated using the following strains of bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESKAPE pathogens), and Escherichia coli. The results have shown that the antibacterial activity of silver nanoforms with amorphous TiO2 is much better than that in the samples based on anatase (crystalline TiO2). The sensitivity of the tested bacteria to silver nanoforms depends on physical and chemical properties of the nanoforms and individual characteristics of the bacteria. For the first time, significant participation of amorphous TiO2 in antibacterial compounds has been described through this study.

Potential antibacterial mechanism of silver nanoparticles and the optimization of orthopedic implants by advanced modification technologies

“…The amount of deposited nanoparticles depends on the concentration of the silver nitrate solution and reactive time. [116][117][118] There is no doubt that the released Ag + showed powerful antibacterial effect, but the key point is how to prolong the release time. To enhance the adhesion on the substrate and prolong antibacterial time, an initial layer on Ti surfaces using phase-transited lysozyme was established.…”

Fluorescence-tunable Ag-DNA biosensor with tailored cytotoxicity for live-cell applications

“…In the past years, silver has been increasingly used in cosmetics, clothes, implant coatings, and for burn wound dressings, to obtain an antibacterial effect17181920. Its inherent toxicity makes the metal a particularly promising alternative to antibiotics, as bacterial resistances rise2122, as well as an anti-cancer agent232425. However, the toxicity mechanism of silver is not yet clearly understood2627.…”

How Bacteria Change after Exposure to Silver Nanoformulations: Analysis of the Genome and Outer Membrane Proteome

“…It is worth emphasizing that in this case attempts to obtain variants of E. coli BW25113 resistant to S2 and S7 failed, as this strain has remained sensitive to those silver nanoformulations samples during our experiment. Small number of mutations analyzed in previous work [1] This work * Legend: silver nanoformulation signed as S2 refers to titanium dioxide doped with silver nanoparticles, while silver nanoformulation signed as S7 refers to water colloid of silver [18,19].…”