Silver iodide sodalite – Wasteform / Hip canister interactions and aqueous durability

Maddrell, Ewan R.; Vance, E. R.; Grant, Charmaine; Aly, Zaynab; Stopic, Attila; Palmer, Tim; Harrison, Jennifer; Gregg, Daniel J.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2019.02.002

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Ag-exchanged zeolites are suitable for consolidation by hot isostatic pressing (HIP), being chemically converted to a silver iodide sodalite (Ag 4 Al 3 Si 3 O 12 I). However, the wasteform is unstable under reducing groundwater conditions and iodine-loading is performed in idealised conditions, rather than an industrially-realistic capture process [81,82]. Ag-functionalised silica aerogels are suitable for sintering by HIP, as well as hot uniaxial pressing (HUP) and spark plasma sintering (SPS), after removal of organic moieties by heating [83].…”

Section: Wasteform Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capture of aqueous radioiodine species by metallated adsorbents from wastestreams of the nuclear power industry: a review

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Iodine-129 poses a significant challenge in the drive towards lowering radionuclide emissions from used nuclear fuel recycling operations. Various techniques are employed for capture of gaseous iodine species, but it is also present, mainly as iodide anions, in problematic residual aqueous wastestreams, which have stimulated research interest in technologies for adsorption and retention of the radioiodine. This removal effort requires specialised adsorbents, which use soft metals to create selectivity in the challenging chemical conditions. A review of the literature, at laboratory scale, reveals a number of organic, inorganic and hybrid adsorbent matrices have been investigated for this purpose. They are functionalised principally by Ag metal, but also Bi, Cu and Pb, using numerous synthetic strategies. The iodide capacity of the adsorbents varies from 13 to 430 mg g−1, with ion-exchange resins and titanates displaying the highest maximum uptakes. Kinetics of adsorption are often slow, requiring several days to reach equilibrium, although some ligated metal ion and metal nanoparticle systems can equilibrate in < 1 h. Ag-loaded materials generally exhibit superior selectivity for iodide verses other common anions, but more consideration is required of how these materials would function successfully in industrial operation; specifically their performance in dynamic column experiments and stability of the bound radioiodine in the conversion to final wasteform and subsequent geological storage. Article highlights Metallated adsorbents for the capture and retention of radioiodine in the nuclear industry are assessed. The strengths and weaknesses of organic, inorganic and hybrid support matrices and loading mechanisms are discussed. Pathways for progression of this technology are proposed. Graphic abstract

show abstract

Section: Wasteform Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capture of aqueous radioiodine species by metallated adsorbents from wastestreams of the nuclear power industry: a review

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Research within ANSTO Synroc continues to pursue solutions for problematic nuclear waste streams, including solutions for the immobilization of Cs, 111 I, [112][113][114][115] pyroprocessing wastes 116 and particularly Pu-bearing wastes. 99,100,117 Research is also being undertaken at ANSTO for generation IV reactor wastes, and the Synroc process is relevant for graphite and fluoride molten salt wastes.…”

Section: Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synroc technology: Perspectives and current status (Review)

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dr Eric (Lou) Vance spent 32 years at the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), where he was dedicated to the development of Synroc technology, a waste treatment solution for intractable nuclear wastes. The original form of Synroc, a multiphase ceramic wasteform based on stable and leach resistant titanate minerals, was invented by Australian scientists in the late 1970s. This formulation was directed toward the immobilization of PUREX wastes from the reprocessing of nuclear fuels. Synroc at ANSTO under the scientific leadership of Dr Vance since evolved beyond these original titanate ceramics into a waste treatment technology platform. This platform can be applied to produce glass, glass‐ceramic and ceramic wasteforms and offers distinct advantages in terms of waste loading and suppressing volatile losses. The platform therefore provides an opportunity to treat those waste streams that are problematic for glass matrices alone or existing vitrification process technologies. Such wastes include, for example, actinide‐bearing wastes, those that contain large proportions of refractory elements, those with significant fission product or corrosive volatile emissions and those wastes resulting from radiopharmaceutical production. The implementation of the latter will see the industrialization of Synroc technology via a first‐of‐a‐kind Synroc Waste Treatment Facility that is currently under construction at ANSTO. This paper will review Synroc technology, particularly noting the substantial and essential contributions from the late Dr Vance. The review will also provide some perspective on the development of the technology for nuclear waste immobilization and describe the significant recent advancements at ANSTO.

show abstract

“…Recently, sodalite waste form was prepared by eliminating radioiodine from the gaseous waste streams during the plutonium uranium reduction extraction (PUREX) process, and the development of silver iodide sodalite [Ag 4 Al 3 Si 3 O 12 I], which is a promising waste form candidate was achieved. 229 The study proposed that, at defined loading capacity, silica and alumina favor the formation of sodalite. Moreover, the iodine rich regions are readily converted to major silver sodalite with AgI, which was confirmed by the mass−balance exercise.…”

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inorganic Waste Forms for Efficient Immobilization of Radionuclides

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The immobilization of long-lived radionuclide wastes generated from nuclear power plants (NPPs) during NPP operation, fuel reprocessing, and decommissioning of nuclear reactors is of great environmental concern. Designing suitable matrices with high durability, stability, and resistivity to various physical and chemical conditions (temperature, pressure, radiation, acidity/alkalinity, etc.) are required for the safe disposal and effective immobilization of radioactive wastes. In this review, we highlight and discuss the key developments in the design and applications of major inorganic waste forms for radioactive waste immobilization. Specifically, we review (i) glasses (borosilicates, phosphates, and sintered glasses), (ii) cements (Portland cement, cast stone/saltstone, hydroceramics, and geopolymer), (iii) synrocs (hollandite, zirconolite, and perovskite), and (iv) ceramics (titanates, sodalite, apatite, monazites, and goethite/magnetite). Additionally, we present future challenges that should be addressed during the design and selection of suitable waste forms for the immobilization of radionuclides. We believe that this paper can deepen our understanding of various waste forms and their roles in radioactive waste immobilization.

show abstract

Silver iodide sodalite – Wasteform / Hip canister interactions and aqueous durability

Cited by 19 publications

References 14 publications

Capture of aqueous radioiodine species by metallated adsorbents from wastestreams of the nuclear power industry: a review

Capture of aqueous radioiodine species by metallated adsorbents from wastestreams of the nuclear power industry: a review

Synroc technology: Perspectives and current status (Review)

Inorganic Waste Forms for Efficient Immobilization of Radionuclides

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About