Silver: high performance anode for thin film lithium ion batteries

Reassessment of the roles of Ag in TiO2 nanotubes anode material for lithium ion battery

“…Obviously, CV curves effectively exhibited the fact that Ag possesses the activity toward Li-storage in the anode. Although it was reported that Ag possessed the activity toward Li-storage as the anode material in LIB, the corresponding effective CV data was absent [35]. Recently, Jung et al also reported that the reduction peak at 1.5 V also appeared during CV scanning of as-purchased and homemade Ag nanoparticles electrodes, unfortunately, no oxidation peak was observed correspondingly yet [33].…”

“…On the other hand, more importantly, Ag also possesses the activity of Li-storage. In other words, composite Ag/TiO 2 nanotubes anode involved two kinds of Li-storage mechanisms: (i) insertion/extraction mechanism of TiO 2 nanotubes, in which Li þ can be reversibly inserted and extracted without obvious volume change and structure damage [34]; (ii) alloying/de-alloying of Ag with Li with volume expansion [33,35]. The corresponding electrochemical reactions were described as formulas (1) and (2).…”

Alloy-Based Anode Materials

“…Despite their high cost, noble metals (particularly silver [149]) have been considered for thin film-type batteries. The Ag-Li phase diagram shows several intermediate phases [119, vol.…”

“…However, upon RT lithiation-delithiation, only two reversible phases appear, namely AgLi, as well as an unknown and not yet identified phase (called phase II in Ref. [149] [150]. For instance, 15 nm-diameter Ag NWs showed a reversible capacity of *534 mAh/g (2nd cycle), which was reduced to 280 mAh/g after 10 cycles [150].…”

Silver effect of Co–Ni composite material on energy storage and structural behavior for Li-ion batteries

“…Silver metal is one proper choice as an additive on Co-Ni alloy material. Among metals and intermetallic compounds, silver exhibits a high specific capacity according to the formation of different Ag-Li alloys (up to AgLi 12 ) in a very low voltage range versus lithium (0.250-0 V) [6]. However, the cost of silver was relatively high for practical manufacture hence it had been added in a very small amount.…”