Silver-Halide Recording Materials

Bjelkhagen, Hans I.

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-47593-4

Cited by 90 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…The circular spatial filter of the sheet corresponding to the matrix of 8 ϫ 8 sources had a diameter of ͑0.97 Ϯ 0.02͒ mm and an area of ͑0.73 Ϯ 0.03͒ mm. 2 When we wish to store a great number of waves we must increase the size of the plane on which the spatial filters are placed if we want to maintain the angular size distribution of the object waves, and, as a result, both the number of object waves and the range of frequencies with which we are going to work vary. Therefore we now introduce another spatial distribution of matrical spatial filters into this study: a 4.5 cm ϫ 4.5 cm square formed by a matrix of 18 ϫ 18 specific sources ͑object 3͒.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bleached silver halide emulsions have long been used as media for recording volume-phase holograms because of several attractive advantages that they offer and because this type of material is available for holographic storage. 2 Unfortunately, although the resulting phase holograms have a high diffraction efficiency, this property is usually accompanied by an increase in the noise and a consequent reduction in image quality. 3 In this paper we analyze noise in experimental cases in which a large number of coherently shaped object waves are stored in a phase-recording material in a way that allows us to obtain information about the relation that exists between the recording material, the number of waves that are being stored, and the spectral distribution of the object waves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Holographic storage in bleached emulsion of N divergent object beams generated by a two-dimensional regular array: analysis of the signal-to-noise ratio

1996

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The signal-to-noise ratio ͑SNR͒ of multiplexed holograms of N object waves recorded as volume-phase holograms in bleached silver halide emulsion are experimentally analyzed and compared with those of diffuse-object holograms. We introduce two types of SNR: one belonging to the spatial matrix itself, and the other, the overall SNR, for which the angular range of the matrix distribution was compared with the primary diffuse object. The experimental results obtained show that, even though the same range of spatial frequencies is maintained, the total number of waves that come from the matrix distribution affects the measurements, so the interrelation between the spatial-frequency distribution of noise and the number of storage waves is obtained, and the minimum SNR can be evaluated for diffuse objects.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holographic storage in bleached emulsion of N divergent object beams generated by a two-dimensional regular array: analysis of the signal-to-noise ratio

1996

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“…Development is an image processing technique by which the latent image recorded during the exposure of the material is converted into a silver image (Bjelkhagen, 1993). Developing process is completed at 20ºC for 05 minutes.…”

Section: Ii) Developingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality study of hand made brick-DK using neutron radiography technique

Alam¹,

Islam

Saha³

et al. 2014

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.

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Neutron radiography is a powerful non-destructive testing (NDT) technique for internal evaluation of materials, such as voids/cavity, cracks, homogeneity, water absorption behavior, etc. It involves attenuation of a neutron beam by an object to be radiographed and thus to make the registration of the attenuation process (as an image) on a film or video. In the present investigation neutron radiography (NR) imaging technique has been adopted to study the quality like homogeneity, porosity, water penetrating height, behavior of incremental intrusion area, initial rapid absorption (IRA) of the brick-DK sample. Thermal neutron radiography facility installed at the tangential beam port of 3MW TRIGA MARK-II reactor is used in this study. In this cases optical density or gray values of the neutron radiographic images of the sample is measured. From this measurement it is found that the contents of the sample is not uniformly distributed all over the sample which indicates the presence of large number of internal porosity, at the two edges water uptake is slightly poorer than the middle part and initial rapid absorption is very high. Water penetrating inside the sample is faster. The results obtained and conclusion made in this study can only be compared to the properties of bricks produced under similar conditions with similar raw materials.

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“…Analyzing fringe separation on holograms diffraction patter, it is possible to verify that the majority of students produced volume holograms 15 . Given that students use bleach during hologram processing, it is possible to verify that all holograms were phase holograms 16 . Some students work on interferometric holography 17,18 using reflection or transmission configurations.…”

Section: Holography Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

HOLONET: a network for training holography

Pombo

Santos

2014

12th Education and Training in Optics and Photonics Conference

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Holography is an optics technique based on wave physics and lasers with several applications at our day life. The production of holograms involves experimental work based on hands-on activities and creativity. All these elements can contribute to the promotion of experimental teaching of optics and training on holography. The hologram itself acting as a final result from a long process of research and study can enable the engagement of high school students on physics and promote the stimulus on optics learning. Taking these assumptions into account a network of schools working on holography was built involving thirty schools from all country. Holography systems were developed and several handson activities were constructed. During last sixteen years students are working on laser optics and holography producing different kinds of holograms. This study presents all holography labs implemented at schools and it will analyzed the holography systems and materials developed for students. Training strategy will be discussed and holograms obtained by students will be presented. Results obtained show us that holography can be implemented as a strategy for promoting the learning of optics and it is a particular way to involve students on experimental work and lab research. Results obtained during this study will be presented in detail and analyzed with focus on students performance. Educational results, teachers training, prizes and other positive outcomes will be discussed and compared.

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Silver-Halide Recording Materials

Cited by 90 publications

References 0 publications

Holographic storage in bleached emulsion of N divergent object beams generated by a two-dimensional regular array: analysis of the signal-to-noise ratio

Holographic storage in bleached emulsion of N divergent object beams generated by a two-dimensional regular array: analysis of the signal-to-noise ratio

Quality study of hand made brick-DK using neutron radiography technique

HOLONET: a network for training holography

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