Silver-Halide Materials

Bjelkhagen, Hans I.

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-70756-1_2

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…For instance, bleached silver halide emulsions have long been used as a medium for recording volume phase holograms because they offer several attractive advantages [9]. These advantages include a relatively high sensitivity, ease of processing of the results, improved chemical processing, their availability as commercial films and the repeatability of the results.…”

Section: Fixation-free Bleached Hologramsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This diffusion process is particularly influenced by the halide concentration in the bleach solution [11]. Although fixation-free rehalogenating bleaches are generally known for creating pure phase holograms [9,[13][14][15][16], the oxidation products of the bleach can give rise to an absorption modulation at high values of exposure and high concentrations of potassium bromide in the bleach bath. Experimental confirmation of this fact can be found in reference [17].…”

Section: Fixation-free Bleached Hologramsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental evidence of mixed gratings with a phase difference between the phase and amplitude grating in volume holograms

Neipp

Pascual

2002

Opt. Express

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Abstract:The Coupled Wave Theory of Kogelnik has given a wellestablished basis for the comprehension of how light propagates inside a hologram. This theory gives an accurate approximation for the diffraction efficiency of volume phase holograms and volume absorption holograms as well. Mixed holograms (phase and absorption) have been also treated from the point of view of this theory. For instance, Guibelalde theoretically described the diffraction efficiency of out of phase mixed volume gratings. In this work we will show that when using fixation-free rehalogenating bleaches, out of phase mixed volume gratings can be recorded on the hologram at high exposures. This is due to the oxidation products of the developer and the bleaching agent. The effects described theoretically for out of phase mixed volume hologram gratings are experimentally observed.

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Section: Fixation-free Bleached Hologramsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fixation-free Bleached Hologramsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental evidence of mixed gratings with a phase difference between the phase and amplitude grating in volume holograms

Neipp

Pascual

2002

Opt. Express

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“…The angle between the normal of the plate and each of the incident beams was 22.5º, so that the 11 spatial frequency of the diffraction gratings was calculated as ∼1200 lines/mm. After exposure the holograms underwent a fixation-free rehalogenating bath [18][19][20] so finally phase volume gratings were obtained. In other works it has been demonstrated that fixation-free rehalogenating bleaching techniques produce phase holograms with high values of the refractive index modulation.…”

Section: Angular Responses Of the First Diffracted Order For Over-modmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angular responses of the first diffracted order in over-modulated volume diffraction gratings

Neipp

Álvarez

Gallego

et al. 2004

Journal of Modern Optics

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Kogelnik's Coupled Wave Theory has been used for decades to predict the diffraction efficiency of volume diffraction gratings. Although this theory has been applied with success to volume diffraction gratings recorded under a great variety of experimental conditions, its predictions deviate from the actual behaviour whenever the hologram is thin or the refractive index is high. In these cases, it is necessary to use a more general Coupled Wave Theory (CW) or the Rigorous Coupled Wave Theory (RCW). Both of these theories allow for more than two orders propagating inside the hologram. The difference between them is that in the CW theory the second derivatives that appear in the coupled equations are disregarded. The RCW doesn't incorporate any approximation and thus, since it is rigorous, permits judging the accuracy of the approximations included in Kogelnik's and CW theories. In this article a comparison between the predictions of the three theories for phase transmission diffraction gratings is carried put. Over-modulated diffraction gratings are also recorded in photographic emulsions in order to study the applicability of Kogelnik's Theory in this case. Good agreement between theory and experiment is found for both Kogelnik's and Rigorous Coupled Wave Theory formulations in the particular experimental cases studied.

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“…If the GRoDE remains constant with the variations in ED, the holographic reciprocity matching (HRM) occurs, while if the GRoDE decays with the ED, the HRF emerges. This phenomenon has been observed in many holographic recording mediums, such as silver halide [ 18 ], photorefractive polymers [ 19 ] and photopolymers [ 20 ]. The limiting conditions of HRE need to be further studied, which will contribute to the development of rapid volume holographic storage and optical applications of photopolymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Theoretical and Experimental Investigations of Diffraction Characteristics Influenced by Holographic Reciprocity Effect in PQ/PMMA Polymers

Liu

Sun

2023

Polymers

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We propose the holographic reciprocity effect (HRE) to describe the relationship between the exposure duration (ED) and the growth rate of diffraction efficiency (GRoDE) in volume holographic storage. The HRE process is investigated experimentally and theoretically in order to avoid the diffraction attenuation. Herein, introducing the medium absorption, we present a comprehensive probabilistic model to describe the HRE. PQ/PMMA polymers are fabricated and investigated to reveal the influence of HRE on the diffraction characteristics through two recording approaches: pulsed exposure with nanosecond (ns) level and continuous wave (CW) exposure at the millisecond (ms) level. We obtain the holographic reciprocity matching (HRM) range of ED in PQ/PMMA polymers with 10−6~102 s level and improve the response time to microsecond (μs) order with no diffraction deficiency. This work can promote the application of volume holographic storage in high-speed transient information accessing technology.

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Silver-Halide Materials

Cited by 8 publications

References 139 publications

Experimental evidence of mixed gratings with a phase difference between the phase and amplitude grating in volume holograms

Experimental evidence of mixed gratings with a phase difference between the phase and amplitude grating in volume holograms

Angular responses of the first diffracted order in over-modulated volume diffraction gratings

Theoretical and Experimental Investigations of Diffraction Characteristics Influenced by Holographic Reciprocity Effect in PQ/PMMA Polymers

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