Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) used in childhood caries management has potent antifungal activity against oral Candida species

Fakhruddin, Kausar Sadia; Egusa, Hiroshi; Ngo, Hien Chi; Panduwawala, Chamila; Pesee, Siripen; Venkatachalam, Thenmozhi; Samaranayake, LP

doi:10.1186/s12866-020-01776-w

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…On the other hand, silver ions act directly against bacteria in lesions by breaking membranes, denaturing proteins, and inhibiting DNA replication (7,14,16). A recent study also showed the antifungal potency of SDF (27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride Versus Sodium Fluoride Varnish on the Microhardness of Demineralized Enamel: An In Vitro Study

Farhadian¹,

Farhadian²,

Borjali³

et al. 2020

Avicenna J Dent Res

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Background: Fixed orthodontic treatment has been associated with certain side effects such as white spot lesions (WSLs). Many studies showed the positive effect of sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish in remineralizing WSLs. Studies revealed that silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is effective in arresting dentin caries, but its potential for enamel remineralization has not been investigated clearly. The present study aimed to compare the effect of SDF and NaF on the microhardness of demineralized enamel. Methods: A total of 60 intact premolar teeth were collected and divided into 4 equal groups. Group 1 remained intact (control). Groups 2 to 4 were exposed to artificial cariogenic solution to create enamel lesion. Then, groups 3 and 4 were treated with NaF 5% and SDF 38%, respectively. After one month of storage in artificial saliva, NaF and SDF were reapplied. One month later, the surface microhardness values (SMHs) of teeth were assessed. Results: The results of ANOVA showed a significant difference among the 4 groups (P < 0.001). There was significantly higher enamel microhardness in the control group compared with groups 2 and 3 (P < 0.001); however, it was not significant for the SDF group (P = 0.160). There was significantly higher enamel surface microhardness in groups 3 and 4 compared with group 2 (P ≤ 0.001) and significantly higher mean SMH values in the SDF group compared with the NaF group (P = 0.004). Conclusions: NaF varnish and SDF can both remineralize early enamel lesion but SDF has greater remineralizing potential.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride Versus Sodium Fluoride Varnish on the Microhardness of Demineralized Enamel: An In Vitro Study

Farhadian¹,

Farhadian²,

Borjali³

et al. 2020

Avicenna J Dent Res

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“…Silver has extracellular and intracellular binding properties. Therefore, this molecule has the ability to bind to the microbial wall and, once it enters the cell, to bind to and damage proteins, genetic material or denature cytoplasmic enzymes, among other effects [21,22]. Additionally, this type of dendron also binds to the negatively charged cell membranes due to electrostatic interactions causing destabilization of the membrane, enhancing its effectiveness against established biofilms.…”

Section: Combined Activity Of Arco 2 G 2 (Snme 3 I) 4 (2) and Agnomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the treatment with different drugs in the so-called combination therapy is interesting from the point of view of reducing the doses to be administered, reducing the side effects of the drugs. Related to the use different compounds in combination therapy, silver is a compound with a low toxicity that is widely used in medicine [20,21]. Different salts such as silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ), silver diamine fluoride or silver nanoparticles, among others; have a broad antibacterial and antifungal spectrum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, their mechanics of action is consequence of their ability to bind and alter cell membranes, cellular respiration and DNA integrity [22]. Silver has been used in the treatment of wounds [23][24][25], in water purification [26], caries [21] and biofilms [27], along with other uses. Another compound, that has shown promising results in prevent [28][29][30] or treat established biofilms [30][31][32] is ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) either on its own or in combination with commercial antifungal drugs, significantly improving its antibiofilm activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eradication of Candida albicans Biofilm Viability: In Vitro Combination Therapy of Cationic Carbosilane Dendrons Derived from 4-Phenylbutyric Acid with AgNO3 and EDTA

Gómez-Casanova

Lozano-Cruz

Soliveri

et al. 2021

JoF

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Candida albicans is a human pathogen of significant clinical relevance. This pathogen is resistant to different drugs, and most clinical antifungals are not effective against the prevention and treatment of C. albicans infections. As with other microorganisms, it can produce biofilms that serve as a barrier against antifungal agents and other substances, contributing to infection in humans and environmental tolerance of this microorganism. Thus, resistances and biofilm formation make treatment difficult. In addition, the complete eradication of biofilms in implants, catheters and other medical devices, is challenging and necessary to prevent relapses of candidemia. Therefore, it is a priority to find new molecules or combinations of compounds with anti-Candida biofilm activity. Due to the difficulty of treating and removing biofilms, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro ability of different generation of cationic carbosilane dendrons derived from 4-phenylbutyric acid, ArCO2Gn(SNMe3I)m, to eradicate C. albicans biofilms. Here, we assessed the antifungal activity of the second generation dendron ArCO2G2(SNMe3I)4 against C. albicans cells and established biofilms since it managed to seriously damage the membrane. In addition, the combinations of the second generation dendron with AgNO3 or EDTA eradicated the viability of biofilm cells. Alterations were observed by scanning electron microscopy and cytotoxicity was assessed on HeLa cells. Our data suggest that the dendritic compound ArCO2G2(SNMe3I)4 could represent an alternative to control the infections caused by this pathogen.

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“…A primary mechanism of the caries-arresting effect of SDF is its microbicidal effect on cariogenic biofilm [ 26 , 27 ]. Laboratory studies have revealed the strong inhibitory effect of SDF on monospecies biofims of Sreptococcus mutans , Actinomyces naeslundii , Sreptococcus sobrinus and Lactobacillus acidophilus [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of the combined use of silver diamine fluoride and potassium iodide in disrupting the plaque biofilm microbiome and alleviating tooth discoloration: A systematic review

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is used in minimally invasive dentistry for arresting dental caries. However, discoloration of teeth is a significant side effect that has limited the use of SDF. Hence, the application of potassium iodide (KI) following SDF has been proposed to ameliorate the staining. Although antimicrobial activity is one of the major mechanisms of the caries-arresting effect of SDF, the antimicrobial potency of SDF/KI combination is unclear. Thus, the primary objective of this systematic review was to appraise the studies on the antimicrobial efficacy of SDF/KI combination on cariogenic microbes. The secondary objective was to summarize the evidence on the potential of KI in reducing the discoloration associated with the application of SDF. Electronic databases of Medline via PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and EBSCO host were searched for English language manuscripts from January 2005 to 15th November 2020. The reference lists of these manuscripts were manually searched for additional studies. Twelve studies were included in the final analysis, seven of which have investigated the antimicrobial efficacy of SDF/KI, and the rest have examined the anti-staining potential of KI. The exploratory findings from the reviewed articles revealed the promising antimicrobial potential of SDF/KI on cariogenic microbes associated with dentine caries. There is, however, contradictory evidence on the effect of SDF/KI on tooth color. The reviewed in-vitro studies indicated significant effectiveness of KI in preventing staining. A clinical trial on primary dentition showed 25% reduction in the incidence of staining by SDF after applying KI, while a clinical study on root caries in adults showed no significant effect. Within the methodological limitations of this review, we conclude that for arresting dental caries, SDF could be combined with KI, as there may be a lower likelihood of staining. Further, well-designed clinical trials on the antimicrobial and anti-staining effect of SDF/KI are needed to obtain more robust evidence.

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Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) used in childhood caries management has potent antifungal activity against oral Candida species

Cited by 15 publications

References 43 publications

The Effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride Versus Sodium Fluoride Varnish on the Microhardness of Demineralized Enamel: An In Vitro Study

The Effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride Versus Sodium Fluoride Varnish on the Microhardness of Demineralized Enamel: An In Vitro Study

Eradication of Candida albicans Biofilm Viability: In Vitro Combination Therapy of Cationic Carbosilane Dendrons Derived from 4-Phenylbutyric Acid with AgNO3 and EDTA

The effect of the combined use of silver diamine fluoride and potassium iodide in disrupting the plaque biofilm microbiome and alleviating tooth discoloration: A systematic review

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