Silver/Chitosan Antimicrobial Nanocomposites Coating for Medical Devices: Comparison of Nanofiller Effect Prepared via Chemical Reduction and Biosynthesis

Pakseresht, Sara; Al-Ogaili, Ahmed Waleed Majeed; Akbulut, Hatem; Plachá, Daniela; Pazdziora, Erich; Klushina, Diana; Konvičková, Zuzana; Kratošová, Gabriela; Holešová, Sylva; Martynková, Gražyna Simha

doi:10.1166/jnn.2019.15863

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…This finding is consistent with others, who have also noticed a reduction of Ag + released from nAg that have been incorporated in soft polymers or thermal-sprayed on metal surfaces [46,47]. We would also want to highlight that many studies in the literature typically only assessed bacterial inhibition on substrates that were freshly coated with Ag [14,16,17,30,39,41], but did not take into account the potential reduction of Ag + and the consequent reduction in bacterial killing efficiency in a bodily fluid. Such knowledge of anti-infective efficiency is important to dictate whether the coating should be used to combat perioperative infections or long-term infections and also to determine the intended usage of the to-be-coated target materials.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Silver is one of the oldest metals that has been utilized as an antimicrobial material [27]. Many studies have used its intrinsic antimicrobial activity by incorporating nAg or salts into soft and biodegradable polymeric coatings that overlay the medical devices [14,15,16,17,28]. We took an alternative approach by immobilizing the nAg directly onto the surface of a hard polymer (PMMA), which was also coated with nHAp, to support the adhesion and growth of corneal stromal cells [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously, researchers have capitalized on the intrinsic antimicrobial activity of Ag + by incorporating nAg or salts into polymeric coatings, that are then laid on the surface of hard substrates or medical devices (Figure 1A) [14,15,16,17]. The majority of the proposed polymeric coatings are typically composed of soft polymers that are porous and are highly biodegradable, e.g., polyamide, chitosan, or poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAm), to allow free movement of Ag + [14,15,16,17]. However, in some clinical applications, where the microenvironment around the medical devices is highly acidic due to inflammation, soft polymers degrade prematurely and hence, a long-term availability of the Ag + , released from the encapsulated nAg, might not be achievable due to the rapid clearance of the free nanoparticles (NPs) from the site (Figure 1A).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface Immobilization of Nano-Silver on Polymeric Medical Devices to Prevent Bacterial Biofilm Formation

et al. 2019

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: Bacterial biofilm on medical devices is difficult to eradicate. Many have capitalized the anti-infective capability of silver ions (Ag+) by incorporating nano-silver (nAg) in a biodegradable coating, which is then laid on polymeric medical devices. However, such coating can be subjected to premature dissolution, particularly in harsh diseased tissue microenvironment, leading to rapid nAg clearance. It stands to reason that impregnating nAg directly onto the device, at the surface, is a more ideal solution. We tested this concept for a corneal prosthesis by immobilizing nAg and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) on poly(methyl methacrylate), and tested its biocompatibility with human stromal cells and antimicrobial performance against biofilm-forming pathogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Three different dual-functionalized substrates—high Ag (referred to as 75:25 HAp:Ag); intermediate Ag (95:5 HAp:Ag); and low Ag (99:1 HAp:Ag) were studied. The 75:25 HAp:Ag was effective in inhibiting biofilm formation, but was cytotoxic. The 95:5 HAp:Ag showed the best selectivity among the three substrates; it prevented biofilm formation of both pathogens and had excellent biocompatibility. The coating was also effective in eliminating non-adherent bacteria in the culture media. However, a 28-day incubation in artificial tear fluid revealed a ~40% reduction in Ag+ release, compared to freshly-coated substrates. The reduction affected the inhibition of S. aureus growth, but not the P. aeruginosa. Our findings suggest that Ag+ released from surface-immobilized nAg diminishes over time and becomes less effective in suppressing biofilm formation of Gram-positive bacteria, such as S. aureus. This advocates the coating, more as a protection against perioperative and early postoperative infections, and less as a long-term preventive solution.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface Immobilization of Nano-Silver on Polymeric Medical Devices to Prevent Bacterial Biofilm Formation

et al. 2019

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“…In addition, to its physical, chemical and biological properties, the commercial availability of AgNPs products has increased at an incredible rate [18], beyond its excellent catalytic property when deposited onto cellulose microfibers [19,20] and as potential applications in smart windows and anti-counterfeit labels [21]. Also, the combination of colloid silver as filler and chitosan as matrix for the preparation of thin nanocomposite films for functional coating of polymeric stents [22], as well as nanofiber webs of chitosan (CS)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) blends incorporated with AgNPs showed antibacterial ability against Escherichia coli [23]. Recently published researches have shown that the green synthesis for AgNPs coated with natural polymers such as chitosan and pectin have antibacterial activity and, in addition, they demonstrated to be non-cytotoxic for fibroblasts [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Original photochemical synthesis of Ag nanoparticles mediated by potato starch

et al. 2019

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In this contribution, we report an original photochemical method and its mechanism, in which Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) are formed in the presence of starch. AgNO 3 /potato starch aqueous suspensions are irradiated (254 nm, 8 W) at room temperature and the Ag + /starch ratio can be varied to tune the size of AgNPs. The evolution of the AgNPs plasmon resonance band during the reaction is monitored by UV-Vis spectroscopy and evidences that AgNPs are formed in a two-stage process combining nucleation and growth, with the nucleation being controlled by the amount of added starch. Moreover, infrared and Raman spectra indicates that starch undergoes oxidation simultaneously to Ag + reduction, even though starch alone is not capable of reducing Ag + at an appreciable rate and UV irradiation is essential to produce sizeable amounts of AgNPs. Transmission electron microscopy reveals that AgNPs are nearly spherical with diameters ranging between 13 and 8 nm. The AgNPs/starch suspensions exhibit hydrodynamic diameters between 150 and 200 nm and zeta potentials very close to zero. Since AgNPs/starch suspensions are very stable over time, the colloidal stability is ensured by the steric hindrance imposed by starch rather than electrostatic repulsion.

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“…In this work, the synthesis of AgNPs was performed by using a well-known chemical procedure described by Lee and Meisel [21], which usually results in NPs colloidal solution that is cytotoxic in contact with mammalian cells [25,26]. The combination of AgNPs on a polymeric matrix results in the improvement of the biocompatibility, without jeopardizing the antimicrobial effect of the NPs [27,28]. That is why a nanoformulation containing chitosan solution with dispersed AgNPs to further apply on the nylon fabrics was developed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Textile for Personal Protective Equipment—Plasma Chitosan/Silver Nanoparticles Nylon Fabric

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Fernandes

Souza

et al. 2021

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Fabric structures are prone to contamination with microorganisms, as their morphology and ability to retain moisture creates a proper environment for their growth. In this work, a novel, easily processed and cheap coating for a nylon fabric with antimicrobial characteristics was developed. After plasma treatment, made to render the fabric surface more reactive sites, the fabric was impregnated with chitosan and silver nanoparticles by simply dipping it into a mixture of different concentrations of both components. Silver nanoparticles were previously synthesized using the Lee–Meisel method, and their successful obtention was proven by UV–Vis, showing the presence of the surface plasmon resonance band at 410 nm. Nanoparticles with 25 nm average diameter observed by STEM were stable, mainly in the presence of chitosan, which acted as a surfactant for silver nanoparticles, avoiding their aggregation. The impregnated fabric possessed bactericidal activity higher for Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus than for Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria for all combinations. The percentage of live S. aureus and P. aeruginosa CFU was reduced to less than 20% and 60%, respectively, when exposed to each of the coating combinations. The effect was more pronounced when both chitosan and silver were present in the coating, suggesting an effective synergy between these components. After a washing process, the antimicrobial effect was highly reduced, suggesting that the coating is unstable after washing, being almost completely removed from the fabric. Nevertheless, the new-coated fabric can be successfully used in single-use face masks. To our knowledge, the coating of nylon fabrics intended for face-mask material with both agents has never been reported.

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Silver/Chitosan Antimicrobial Nanocomposites Coating for Medical Devices: Comparison of Nanofiller Effect Prepared via Chemical Reduction and Biosynthesis

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Surface Immobilization of Nano-Silver on Polymeric Medical Devices to Prevent Bacterial Biofilm Formation

Surface Immobilization of Nano-Silver on Polymeric Medical Devices to Prevent Bacterial Biofilm Formation

Original photochemical synthesis of Ag nanoparticles mediated by potato starch

New Textile for Personal Protective Equipment—Plasma Chitosan/Silver Nanoparticles Nylon Fabric

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