Silicosis: An Update and Guide for Clinicians

Krefft, S.D.; Wolff, Jenna; Rose, Cecile S.

doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2020.08.012

Cited by 63 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Chronic silicosis typically develops 10-30 years after exposure to lower levels of silica dust. 5 As silicosis progresses, it may be complicated by severe mycobacterial or fungal infections like the cases of our patients. The most common of these infections, tuberculosis, occurs when the macrophages are overwhelmed by silica dust and are unable to kill the infectious organism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Accelerated silicosis and silico‐tuberculosis: A difficult diagnosis

Khemakhem

Moussa

Kotti

et al. 2022

Clinical Case Reports

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Accelerated silicosis and silico‐tuberculosis: A difficult diagnosis

Khemakhem

Moussa

Kotti

et al. 2022

Clinical Case Reports

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“…Silicosis is a progressive lung disease that can lead to pulmonary fibrosis, respiratory failure, and eventually death; it can be prevented by reducing or eliminating occupational exposure to RCS. Underscoring importance of prevention is the fact that, apart from lung transplant, no effective treatments for silicosis are available 2,3 . Workers in certain occupations involving silica‐containing materials, such as mining, sandblasting, and quarrying, have long been known to be at risk for exposure to RCS and subsequent development of silicosis 1…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Underscoring importance of prevention is the fact that, apart from lung transplant, no effective treatments for silicosis are available. 2,3 Workers in certain occupations involving silica-containing materials, such as mining, sandblasting, and quarrying, have long been known to be at risk for exposure to RCS and subsequent development of silicosis. 1 Stone fabrication is the process of cutting and polishing stone, typically for use as countertops.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated exposures to respirable crystalline silica among engineered stone fabrication workers in California, January 2019–February 2020

Surasi

Ballen

Weinberg

et al. 2022

American J Industrial Med

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Background Workers fabricating engineered stone face high risk for exposure to respirable crystalline silica (RCS) and subsequent development of silicosis. In response, the California Division of Occupational Safety and Health (Cal/OSHA) performed targeted enforcement inspections at engineered stone fabrication worksites. We investigated RCS exposures and employer adherence to Cal/OSHA's RCS and respiratory protection standards from these inspections to assess ongoing risk to stone fabrication workers. Methods We extracted employee personal air sampling results from Cal/OSHA inspection files and calculated RCS exposures. Standards require that employers continue monitoring employee RCS exposures and perform medical surveillance when exposures are at or above the action level (AL; 25 μg/m3); exposures above the permissible exposure limit (PEL; 50 μg/m3) are prohibited. We obtained RCS and respiratory protection standard violation citations from a federal database. Results We analyzed RCS exposures for 152 employees at 47 workplaces. Thirty‐eight (25%) employees had exposures above the PEL (median = 89.7 μg/m3; range = 50.7–670.7 μg/m3); 17 (11%) had exposures between the AL and PEL. Twenty‐four (51%) workplaces had ≥1 exposure above the PEL; 7 (15%) had ≥1 exposure between the AL and PEL. Thirty‐four (72%) workplaces were cited for ≥1 RCS standard violation. Twenty‐seven (57%) workplaces were cited for ≥1 respiratory protection standard violation. Conclusions Our investigation demonstrates widespread RCS overexposure among workers and numerous employer Cal/OSHA standard violation citations. More enforcement and educational efforts could improve employer compliance with Cal/OSHA standards and inform employers and employees of the risks for RCS exposure and strategies for reducing exposure.

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“…Due to the long-term exposure to the environment containing silica dust, these particles will accumulate in the lungs and will not be metabolized by the body. Workers who work for a long time will form nodules in the lungs, forming inflammatory lesions and inducing pulmonary fibrosis, and eventually causing irreversible damage to the body [ 11 , 12 ]. In addition to the above reasons, studies have also reported that the lack of neuraminidase 1(NEU1) is closely related to the formation of fibrosis in muscles, kidneys, liver, heart, and lungs[ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research progress on drugs targeting the TGF-β signaling pathway in fibrotic diseases

Shi

Wang²,

Zhu³

et al. 2022

Immunol Res

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Tissue fibrosis is a key factor leading to disability and death worldwide; however, thus far, there are no approved treatments for fibrosis. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is a major pro-fibrotic cytokine, which is expected to become a target in the treatment of fibrosis; however, since TGF-β has a wide range of biological functions involving a variety of biological processes in the body, a slight change in TGF-β may have a systematic effect. Indiscriminate inhibition of TGF-β can lead to adverse reactions, which can affect the efficacy of treatment. Therefore, it has become very important to explore how both the TGF-β signaling pathway is inhibited and the safe and efficient TGF-β small molecule inhibitors or neutralizing antibodies are designed in the treatment of fibrotic diseases. In this review, we mainly discuss the key role of the TGF-β signaling pathway in fibrotic diseases, as well as the development of fibrotic drugs in recent years, and explore potential targets in the treatment of fibrotic diseases in order to guide subsequent drug development.

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Silicosis: An Update and Guide for Clinicians

Cited by 63 publications

References 82 publications

Accelerated silicosis and silico‐tuberculosis: A difficult diagnosis

Accelerated silicosis and silico‐tuberculosis: A difficult diagnosis

Elevated exposures to respirable crystalline silica among engineered stone fabrication workers in California, January 2019–February 2020

Research progress on drugs targeting the TGF-β signaling pathway in fibrotic diseases

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