Silicon tetrachloride production by chlorination method using rice husk as raw material

Seo, Emília Satoshi Miyamaru; Andreoli, M. A. G.; Chiba, Rubens

doi:10.1016/s0924-0136(03)00287-5

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…However, because of the high silicon content in RH, its utilization has been significantly widened in the past few decades. At present, RH and especially rice husks ashes (RHA) obtained after controlled burning of rice husks are the raw materials for the production of a series of silicon-based materials (Sun & Gong, 2001;Mishra et al, 1986;Della et al, 2002;Watari et al, 2003), including silica (James & Rao, 1986;Kalapathy et al, , 2002Zaky et al, 2008), activated carbon (Watari et al, 2006;Kalderis et al, 2008), sodium silicate Sekar & Virutha, 2005), silicon tetrachloride (Basu et al, 1973;Seo et al, 2003), sodium silicofluoride (Sun & Gong, 2001) and silanes (Acharya et al, 1980;Nandi et al, 1991). The high reactivity and purity of RHA makes it an ideal starting material/silica source for preparing advanced materials like sialon (Sun & Gong, 2001;Rahnman & Saleh, 1995), silicon carbide (Krishnarao et al, 1998;Rodriguez-Lugo et al, 2002;Sujirote & Leangsuwan, 2003), silicon nitride (Kumar & Godkhindi, 1996;Real et al, 2004), cordierite (Sun & Gong, 2001;S.…”

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confidence: 99%

Obtaining Some Polymer Composites Filled with Rice Husks Ash-A Review

Turmanova

Genieva²,

Vlaev³

2012

IJC

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Rice husks are an important by-product of rice milling process and are major waste product of the agricultural industry. Rice husk contain nearly 20 mass% silica, which is present in hydrated amorphous form. They have now become a great source as a raw biomass material for manufacturing of value-added silicon composite products, including silicon carbide, silicon nitride, silicon tetrachloride, magnesium silicide, pure silicon, zeolite, fillers of rubber and plastic composites, cement, adsorbent and support of heterogeneous catalysts. The rice husk was subjected to pyrolysis in fluidized-bed pilot plant in air or nitrogen atmosphere. The controlled thermal degradation of the rice husks in air or nitrogen leads to production of white rice husks ash (WRHA) and black rice husks ash (BRHA) respectively. WRHA contains almost pure (95mass %) silica in a hydrated amorphous form, similar to silica gel, with high porosity and reactive surface OH groups. BRHA contains different amounts of carbon and silica in amorphous form with high specific surface area and porosity. The raw rice husks and the obtained pyrolysis products were used as fillers of polypropylene (PP) and tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer (TFE-E) composites. The kinetics and thermodynamics of water adsorption onto filled polypropylene composites during soaking were studied at different temperatures, quantities and nature of fillers. It was established, that the adsorption kinetics was limited by intra-particle diffusion in plane sheet particles. The sorption process is exothermal in nature and accompanied with decrease of the entropy.The physicomechanical properties of composite materials were determined. The fillers introduced in polypropylene change the mechanical strength and make the composites brittle. This change is more pronounced for the composites with BRHA and RRH, followed by WRHA. The composites studied showed lower elongation at break. The biggest decrease was observed for the composites with BRHA where ε decrease from 500 (for the initial PP) to 7 % at filling degree of 20 mass %. The effects of the amount of adsorbed water, temperature and treatment time on the composites tensile properties were estimated. It was found after immersion in water that the composites improve their tensile strength compared to initial non-treated samples. The thermal stability and kinetics of non-isothermal degradation of PP and TFE-E composites filled with 10 or 20 mass % vigorously grounded and mixed RRH, BRHA, WRHA and Aerosil Degussa (AR) were studied. Using different calculation procedures the most probably kinetic mechanism was found to be described by kinetic equations of n -th order (F n mechanism). The kinetic parameters were obtained, and a linear dependence between ln A and E was observed, known also as kinetic compensation effect.The abundance of a waste from paddy milling industry, as well as its interesting complex of behaviors are prerequisite for success for obtaining of cheap and valuable products and gives a new alternatives for its ...

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confidence: 99%

Obtaining Some Polymer Composites Filled with Rice Husks Ash-A Review

Turmanova

Genieva²,

Vlaev³

2012

IJC

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“…RH-derivedsilica(RH-silica) canbeusedtoprepare many kindso fc eramic bulk materials( e.g.,s ilicon nitride, [41] silicon chloride, [42] siliconc arbide). [43] Recently,s everal RH-siliconbasedc eramic NSsh aveb eenr eported, includingS iC nanoparticles/nanowires/whiskers, [44] Si 2 N 2 Onanowires, [45] andtheir nanohybrids.…”

Section: Silicon-based Ceramic Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Versatile Nanostructures from Rice Husk Biomass for Energy Applications

et al. 2018

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Converting biomass into valuable products has great benefits in terms of both economic and environmental considerations, and has attracted considerable attention in recent years. Rice husk biomass was initially utilized to produce bulk materials for conventional applications while a variety of advanced nanostructures (NSs) have been fabricated over the past few years. In addition to their low cost and environmental friendliness, RH-derived NSs (RH-NSs) exhibit versatile properties, which are promising for broad applications in various fields. In this Review, we summarize the latest research on RH-NSs, covering their design, fabrication, properties, and applications in the modern energy field. Based on the unique structure and components of RHs, a series of carbon/silicon-based novel NSs with outstanding performances have been exploited, which are difficult to be synthesized using conventional chemical reagents. We also discuss perspective uses of RH-NSs on the basis of the current research progress.

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“…The carbon content of DUT-118 is more than 99 atom%, indicating the successful removal of the template due to the high reactivity of the silica/carbon nanocomposite, which is not expected for a physical or macroscale mixture of these compounds at comparable temperatures. [24] Potential impurities such as silicon, oxygen or chlorine are below the detection limit. Further investigations using thermogravimetric measurements in air atmosphere (Supporting Information, Figure S2) show complete combustion of DUT-118 at temperatures above 600 °C, proving the quantitative template removal by reductive carbochlorination and the absence of oxidic impurities.…”

Section: ��2+2��2+2+��→��4+2��+��mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Ordered Mesoporous Carbon Materials by Dry Etching

Nickel

Oschatz

Rico-Francés

et al. 2015

Chemistry A European J

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A novel synthesis method for ordered mesoporous carbons is presented. Inverse replication of a silica template is achieved using the carbonization of sucrose within mesoporous KIT-6. Instead of liquid acid etching as in classical nanocasting, a novel dry chlorine etching is presented for template removal for the first time. The resulting ordered mesostructured carbon material outperforms carbons obtained by conventional hard templating with respect to high specific micro-and mesopore volumes (0.6 and 1.6 cm³ g -1

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Silicon tetrachloride production by chlorination method using rice husk as raw material

Cited by 28 publications

References 11 publications

Obtaining Some Polymer Composites Filled with Rice Husks Ash-A Review

Obtaining Some Polymer Composites Filled with Rice Husks Ash-A Review

Versatile Nanostructures from Rice Husk Biomass for Energy Applications

Synthesis of Ordered Mesoporous Carbon Materials by Dry Etching

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