Silicon supplementation mitigates salinity stress on Ocimum basilicum L. via improving water balance, ion homeostasis, and antioxidant defense system

Farouk, S.; Elhindi, Khalid M.; Alotaibi, Majed A.

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111396

Cited by 85 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…4). Environmental stresses are important in EO production [35,36]. Our results revealed that moderate drought stress along with Si and S0-NPs enhanced EO yield, which con rmed the previous investigations with drought [37,38] or Si application [36].…”

Section: Essential Oil (Eo) Percentage and Yieldsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The enhanced EO amount under slight drought stress may be attributed to the decline in leaf surface and enhancement of oil gland number and density [39]. The abiotic stresses may affect EO production through changing the pathways of secondary metabolites production and their distribution [36]. This study demonstrated the improvement of EO yield by Si and Si-NPs application.…”

Section: Essential Oil (Eo) Percentage and Yieldmentioning

confidence: 65%

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Foliar-applied Silicon and its Nanoparticles Stimulates Physio-chemical Changes to Improve Growth, Yield and Active Constituents of Coriander (Coriandrum Sativum L.) Essential oil Under Different Irrigation Regimes

Afshari

Pazoki

Sadeghipour

2021

Preprint

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Purpose Silicon (Si) plays beneficial role in alleviating biotic and abiotic stresses but comparative investigations with Si nanoparticles (Si-NPs) under water restriction on medicinal plants is not recognized. The aim of this study was to observe the Si and Si-NPs effects on growth, physio-chemical attributes, and essential oil (EO) profile in aerial parts of coriander (coriandrum sativum L.) under water stress. Methods A split-plot experiment was conducted with irrigation regimes (irrigation after 60, 90, and 120 mm evaporation from Class A pan) in the main plots and foliar application of Si (in the form of Na2SiO3) and Si-NPs in the subplots during 2019 and 2020. Results The results represented drought particularly severe stress decreased biological yield and relative water content (RWC) but increased total soluble sugar (TSS). Both Si and Si-NPs improved plant growth and yield through improved RWC, TSS, total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). Moderate drought stress with Si-NPs was highly effective on TPC, TFC, EO percentage and yield. The main EO constitutes were n-Decanal (20.8-27.6%), 2E-Dodecanal (13.3-16.7%), 2E-Decanal (13.9-18.7%), 2E-Tridecen-1-al (7.3-10.5%), Dodecanal (7.2-10.6%), and n-Nonane (4.3-8.7%). Heat map analysis (HMA) showed foliar application of Si and Si-NPs were significantly distinguished from control treatment, which was mainly explained by EO yield and TFC attributes. Conclusion Foliar-applied Si-NPs was the rapidly and highly effective practice to reach the optimum antioxidant capacity and EO yield of coriander plants when experience moderate drought stress.

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Section: Essential Oil (Eo) Percentage and Yieldsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Essential Oil (Eo) Percentage and Yieldmentioning

confidence: 65%

Foliar-applied Silicon and its Nanoparticles Stimulates Physio-chemical Changes to Improve Growth, Yield and Active Constituents of Coriander (Coriandrum Sativum L.) Essential oil Under Different Irrigation Regimes

Afshari

Pazoki

Sadeghipour

2021

Preprint

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“…On the other hand, polyphenolic compounds are secondary metabolites that are directly involved in the scavenging of ROS in various organelles and are regarded as the second line of defense against oxidative stress [ 38 ]. Under environmental stresses, when antioxidant enzymes are insufficient to eradicate ROS, the phenylalanine pathway is triggered for the generation of polyphenolic compounds, including flavonoids and anthocyanins [ 53 ]. In addition, polyphenolic compounds can chelate Fe 2+ , which interferes with the Fenton reaction and thus inhibits the formation of ROS [ 54 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Overcoming Salt Stress in Sugar Beets (Beta vulgaris L.)

Zhang

Liu

Wang

et al. 2021

Plants

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Melatonin has been regarded as a promising substance that enhances the abiotic stress tolerance of plants. However, few studies have devoted attention to the role of melatonin in improving salt tolerance in sugar beets. Here, the effects of different application methods (foliar application (100 μM), root application (100 μM), and combined foliar and root application) of melatonin on the morphological and physiological traits of sugar beets exposed to salt stress were investigated. The results showed that melatonin improved the growth of sugar beet seedlings, root yield and sugar content, synthesis of chlorophyll, photosystem II (PS II) activity, and gas exchange parameters under salt stress conditions. Moreover, melatonin enhanced the capacity of osmotic adjustment by increasing the accumulation of osmolytes (betaine, proline, and soluble sugar). At the same time, melatonin increased the H+-pump activities in the roots, thus promoting Na+ efflux and K+ influx, which maintained K+/Na+ homeostasis and mitigated Na+ toxicity. In addition, melatonin strengthened the antioxidant defense system by enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes, modulating the ASA-GSH cycle, and mediating the phenylalanine pathway, which removed superoxide anions (O2•−) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and maintained cell membrane integrity. These positive effects were more pronounced when melatonin was applied by combined foliar and root application. To summarize, this study clarifies the potential roles of melatonin in mitigating salt stress in sugar beets by improving photosynthesis, water status, ion homeostasis, and the antioxidant defense system.

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“…Under the same salt treatment, the growth of G. in ata was better than that of G. uralensis, indicating that G. in ata is more salt tolerant than G. uralensis. The increase in Na + under salt treatment hindered the photosynthesis by reducing photosynthetic pigment levels and further reducing the photosynthetic rate 17 , thereby inhibiting plant growth and reducing the biomass (Table 1). Consistent with the ndings for mung bean 8 and cucumber 53 , salt stress reduced chlorophyll concentration and carotenoid levels in the leaves of the two liquorice species (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While it is considered a non-essential element for the growth and development of higher plants 12 , many studies have shown that silicon plays an important role in alleviating biotic and abiotic stresses in plants [13][14][15][16] . Compared with other silicon application methods, foliar spray is the most effective [17][18] . Importantly, excessive application of silicon does not cause environmental pollution 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon Improves Ion Homeostasis and Growth of Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Fisch. and Glycyrrhiza Inflata Bat.) Under Salt Stress by Reducing Plant Na+ Uptake

Shen

Wang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Silicon effectively alleviates the damage caused by salt stress in plants and can improve plant salt tolerance. However, the details of the mechanism by which silicon improves salt tolerance of liquorice are limited, and the effects of foliar application of silicon on different liquorice species under salt stress are not known. Here, the effects of foliar spray of silicon on the growth, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and ion balance of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. and Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat. were investigated. High salt stress resulted in the accumulation of a large amount of Na+, decreased photosynthetic pigment content, perturbed ion homeostasis, and eventually inhibited the both liquorice species growth. These effects were more pronounced in G. uralensis, as G. inflata is more salt tolerant than G. uralensis. Foliar spraying of silicon effectively reduced the decomposition of photosynthetic pigments, improved gas exchange parameters, and promoted photosynthesis. It also effectively inhibited lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage and enhanced osmotic adjustment of plants. Further, silicon application increased the K+ concentration, reduced Na+ absorption, transport and accumulation in the plants. The protective effects of silicon were more pronounced in G. uralensis than those in G. inflata. In conclusion, silicon reduces Na+ absorption, improves ion balance, and alleviates the negative effects of salt stress in the two liquorice species studied, but the effect is liquorice species-dependent. These findings may inform novel strategies for protecting liquorice plants against salt stress and also provide a theoretical basis for the evaluation of salt tolerance and the scientific cultivation of liquorice.

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Silicon supplementation mitigates salinity stress on Ocimum basilicum L. via improving water balance, ion homeostasis, and antioxidant defense system

Cited by 85 publications

References 60 publications

Foliar-applied Silicon and its Nanoparticles Stimulates Physio-chemical Changes to Improve Growth, Yield and Active Constituents of Coriander (Coriandrum Sativum L.) Essential oil Under Different Irrigation Regimes

Foliar-applied Silicon and its Nanoparticles Stimulates Physio-chemical Changes to Improve Growth, Yield and Active Constituents of Coriander (Coriandrum Sativum L.) Essential oil Under Different Irrigation Regimes

Beneficial Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Overcoming Salt Stress in Sugar Beets (Beta vulgaris L.)

Silicon Improves Ion Homeostasis and Growth of Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Fisch. and Glycyrrhiza Inflata Bat.) Under Salt Stress by Reducing Plant Na+ Uptake

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