Silicon soil amendment as a complement to manage tan spot and fusarium head blight in wheat

Pazdiora, Paulo César; Dorneles, Keilor da Rosa; Morello, Thomas Natalli; Nicholson, P.; Dallagnol, Leandro José

doi:10.1007/s13593-021-00677-0

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…We would point out that, generally, DI and DS were lower in AS plants treated with silicon than AB plants treated with silicon. Our findings are in accordance with those reported by Pazdiora et al [38], who studied the same effect for wheat cultivars infected with Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, the causative agent of the tan spot. The greatest control of tan spot was obtained with the moderately resistant cultivar grown in soil amended with calcium silicate [38].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Our findings are in accordance with those reported by Pazdiora et al [38], who studied the same effect for wheat cultivars infected with Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, the causative agent of the tan spot. The greatest control of tan spot was obtained with the moderately resistant cultivar grown in soil amended with calcium silicate [38]. Intrinsic differences were observed between the two tested cultivars regarding Type I resistance; moderately resistant plants responded to silicon applications better than susceptible ones, irrespective of FHB species and silicon treatments at 14, 21, and 28 dpi.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

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Silicon reduces Fusarium Head Blight Development in Barley

Sakr¹

2021

TOASJ

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Background: Silicon (Si) can directly or indirectly enhance plant resistance to fungal pathogens, but no report is available concerning the effectiveness of Si in decreasing Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) disease on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Objective and Methods: The evaluation of Si supplied to barley incorporated into the soil and as a foliar spray against four FHB species under controlled conditions was investigated. In addition, the potential resistance mechanisms related to the reduction of Disease Incidence (DI) and Disease Severity (DS) measured at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days post-inoculation (dpi) were proposed. Four Si concentrations of both a SiO2 powder incorporated into the soil as a solid source, i.e., of 0.00, 0.50, 1.50 and 3.00 g/kg and a liquid formulation of Si as a foliar spray, i.e., of 0.0, 0.8, 1.7 and 3.4 ppm were tested to study their effect on the development of FHB fungi on two barley moderately resistant “MR” and susceptible “S” cultivars. Results: All concentrations of Si did not significantly reduce DI and DS at 7 dpi. The disease reduction was observed with the application of 1.50 g/kg of soil and 1.7 ppm at 14 dpi and increased with time until 28 dpi, however, the other rates had no significant effect. At 28 dpi, solid and foliar treatments reduced DI by 26.6% and 22.9%, respectively, on “MR” cultivar, and by 19.4% and 19.5%, respectively, on “S” cultivar and decreased DS by 20.4% and 19.5%, respectively, on “MR” plants and by 18.8% and 18.4%, respectively, on “S” plants. Conclusion: No effects of Si were observed during the initial infection stage; our results suggest that Si triggers defense processes in barley plants in the latest infection stages to diminish DI and DS by affecting mycotoxins synthesis. Si inputs can be a valuable tool in integrated FHB management by reducing the disease development on barley.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Silicon reduces Fusarium Head Blight Development in Barley

Sakr¹

2021

TOASJ

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“…At 20 days after weed control, the soil of the experimental area was ploughed and dragged with a tractor to a depth of 20 cm. Calcium silicate (source of silicon, calcium and magnesium) or extra‐fine lime (source of calcium and magnesium; as described by Pazdiora et al, 2021) were used to increase the soil pH to 6.5. In the crop season of 2018, calcium silicate and extra‐fine limestone were incorporated in the soil at a rate of 7.8 t/ha by harrowing, 30 days before sowing.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon, biological seed treatment and cutting reduce the intensity of leaf spot diseases affecting Lolium multiflorum

et al. 2022

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Italian ryegrass is a major pasture crop cultivated mainly for feeding cattle in southern Brazil. The choice of crop is based on nutritional quality and the shortage of pastures that occur during the winter in the southernmost part of Brazil. In this region, the production of biomass and seeds are threatened by diseases, in particular fungal diseases that affect the foliage. In this study we identified and monitored the natural occurrence of a complex of leaf spotting diseases and evaluated the effects of combined management practices to reduce the intensity of foliar diseases: seed treatment with Trichoderma atroviride, soil amendment with silicon and cutting frequency (none, one or two cuts). Three diseases were present in a two‐season experiment: grey leaf spot (Pyricularia oryzae), brown leaf spot (Bipolaris sorokiniana) and parrot's eye leaf spot (Cercospora sp.). Grey leaf spot had the highest severity, regardless of treatment, during the first season, and was the only disease present in the following season. Grey leaf spot dominated, and plants receiving only one cut were more prone to P. oryzae infection. The treatments with silicon or T. atroviride reduced the relative disease by 40% to 80%, in relation to untreated and uncut regimes. This study showed the main leaf spot diseases associated with L. multiflorum. Moreover, it demonstrates for the first time in the region the effectiveness of reducing leaf spot via the application of silicon in the soil, inoculation of seeds with T. atroviride and managing the cutting regime.

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“…SiO 2 powder (Kieselsaure, Carl Roth GmbH + Co. KG) with a minimum silicon content of 99% was used as the silicon source in this study. SiO 2 powder was chosen as the preferred Si source, as there were indications that it reduced the incidence and severity of pathogenic FSB isolate on wheat and barley following artificial spike and spikelet inoculation in a growth chamber [20,21]. A liquid solution of Si was prepared at the rate of 1.7 mM [28] since the application of this concentration reduced the bleaching of spikes and spikelets of wheat and barley plants under controlled conditions [20,21].…”

Section: Silicon Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concerning the head blight-wheat pathosystem, available data are limited about enhancing adult wheat resistance against a disease that happened at the "head stage". Under controlled conditions, granulated and foliar potassium silicate has a limited potential to decrease F. graminearum severity [19], however, disease reduction was observed on wheat and barley with the treatment of 1.50 g/kg of soil and 1.7 mM soluble silicon [20,21]. Following field application, an increase in Si concentration in wheat tissues was associated with a reduction in Fusarium severity [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon Reduces the Severity of Fusarium Infection on Young Wheat Parts In Vitro

Sakr¹

2022

TOASJ

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Background: Although silicon (Si) has been referred as an essential element for controlling destructive diseases of wheat, available data are limited about enhancing adult wheat resistance against Fusarium causing head blight. Also, no reports seem to exist on the use of Si to reduce Fusarium seedling blight (FSB) on young wheat parts in vitro. Under in vitro conditions, Fusarium infection happened at the seedling stage cannot be called Fusarium head blight, because it is not a “head” disease, instead it could be called “FSB”. Objective and Methods: This research aimed to elucidate the bio-efficacy of soluble Si at 1.7 mM to increase wheat resistance to FSB measured by latent period (LP) of detached leaf inoculation, area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) of Petri-dish inoculation and coleoptile length reduction (CLR) of a coleoptile infection detected in vitro. Si treatments were applied to six bread and durum wheat cultivars of contrasting susceptibility to disease infected with four Fusarium species displaying a diverse pathogenicity. Results: Differences were observed on wheat detached leaves and seedlings in the resistance of Si-Fusarium-inoculated treatments relative to fungal-inoculated-controls, showing the beneficial role played by this element in decreasing head blight disease symptoms on young plant parts under in vitro conditions. In all wheat cultivars infected with different Fusarium species, the application of Si did increase host resistance measured in vitro; 1.7 mM Si resulted in significantly higher LP and lesser AUDPC and CLR compared with controls. More importantly, Si at 1.7 mM increased host resistance of susceptible to moderately susceptible cultivars measured by LP, AUDPC and CLR to the same level of resistance exhibited by a wheat cultivar high in quantitative resistance without Si. Conclusion: This is the first report presenting the utility of three distinct in vitro bio-assays to investigate the effect of Si in the wheat- FSB pathosystem. The application of silicon to complement host resistance to head blight appears to be an effective strategy for disease management in wheat.

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Silicon soil amendment as a complement to manage tan spot and fusarium head blight in wheat

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

Silicon reduces Fusarium Head Blight Development in Barley

Silicon reduces Fusarium Head Blight Development in Barley

Silicon, biological seed treatment and cutting reduce the intensity of leaf spot diseases affecting Lolium multiflorum

Silicon Reduces the Severity of Fusarium Infection on Young Wheat Parts In Vitro

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