Silicon microring refractometric sensor for atmospheric CO_2 gas monitoring

Mi, Guangcan; Horvath, Cameron; Aktary, Mirwais; Van, Vien

doi:10.1364/oe.24.001773

Cited by 65 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The light beam is emitted by a diode and received by a photo-detector, analyzed by a micro-controller unit (MCU) and displayed on a screen or shared with other devices [28]. CO 2 sensors based on IR light have been developed over the past 4 years, researchers focused on meliorate characteristics of these sensors, whether it was the response time, sensitivity, accuracy and selectivity of the devices [2,78,[139][140][141]. Figure 7 shows a representation of an optical gas sensor, coupled with a duct.…”

Section: Opticmentioning

confidence: 99%

IoT-Enabled Gas Sensors: Technologies, Applications, and Opportunities

Gomes

Rodrigues

Rabêlo

et al. 2019

JSAN

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Ambient gas detection and measurement had become essential in diverse fields and applications, from preventing accidents, avoiding equipment malfunction, to air pollution warnings and granting the correct gas mixture to patients in hospitals. Gas leakage can reach large proportions, affecting entire neighborhoods or even cities, causing enormous environmental impacts. This paper elaborates on a deep review of the state of the art on gas-sensing technologies, analyzing the opportunities and main characteristics of the transducers, as well as towards their integration through the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm. This should ease the information collecting and sharing processes, granting better experiences to users, and avoiding major losses and expenses. The most promising wireless-based solutions for ambient gas monitoring are analyzed and discussed, open research topics are identified, and lessons learned are shared to conclude the study.Technologies to sense gases and wireless communications support are elaborated in Sections 5 and 6, respectively. The most promising solutions in terms of sensing methods and IoT-enabled solutions are discussed in Section 7 and open research topics are identified. Lessons learned are shared at Section 8 and, finally, Section 9 concludes the study. Background on Environmental GasesSome gases are the key to ensure the functionality of systems and entire industries, as well as the presence of other gases being a problem in other fields, causing the loss of entire production lines, as in the food industry, or even cause the loss of lives and explosions. In this section, the most important gases in terms of pollution monitoring and control, health issues, and accident prevention are listed with their main characteristics.Oxygen (O 2 ) is the most important gas for life, and is crucial in numerous fields. Patients under anesthesia, or recovering from surgery and from certain diseases need controlled O 2 doses to keep them alive and fully recovered. The decrease of oxygen levels in enclosed spaces can be related with other gases leakage, which would lead people inside these spaces to asphyxiate, leading to an unconscious state, or even to death [29]. Numerous industrial processes rely on the correct concentration of this gas to achieve the best results, mainly chemical and combustion, which without the correct percentages will not grant the best performance of systems. Engine control systems depend on the correct mixture to achieve the expected performances, whether it is lower fuel consumption or power and speed [29][30][31][32].Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is a colorless, odorless gas, generated by the oxidation and combustion of hydrocarbon, as well as by living beings in the respiration process. It is a key gas for the greenhouse effect, and the increase of its levels, in the presence of other gases, is related with atmospheric pollution. It is also the key gas on the oxygen production by the photosynthesis process. The accumulation of this gas in enclosed spaces can be responsible to s...

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Section: Opticmentioning

confidence: 99%

IoT-Enabled Gas Sensors: Technologies, Applications, and Opportunities

Gomes

Rodrigues

Rabêlo

et al. 2019

JSAN

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“…Micro-ring resonators (MRRs) are excellent transducers for sensing due to their simple structure, compact footprint and easy integration. MRR sensors have broad application prospects in the fields of environmental monitoring [1], [2], health diagnosis [3]- [5], food supervision [6], [7], safety inspection [8], [9], and so on.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air-Mode Photonic Crystal Micro-Ring Resonator With Enhanced Quality Factor for Refractive Index Sensing

Kong

2020

IEEE Photonics J.

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Intense light-matter interaction is critical for enabling high-sensitivity refractive index sensors, high-efficiency light sources, and high-performance nonlinear devices. A bowtie-hole photonic crystal micro-ring resonator is proposed and numerically demonstrated to enhance the light-matter interaction effectively through achieving strong spatial and temporal light confinement, simultaneously. Through engineering the photonic crystal unit cell, the bowtie-hole photonic crystal is proved to possess the ability to localize light with a highly tight spatial confinement. By optimizing the bowtie-hole radius and the bowtie angle, the Q factor of the air mode in the resonator is improved to 1.42 × 10 5 , which denotes an excellent temporal confinement. With the advantages addressed, the refractive index sensing based on the high-Q air mode in the bowtie-hole photonic crystal micro-ring resonator is investigated. For the air mode in the bowtie-hole photonic crystal micro-ring resonator, the Q factor is comparable with that in the reported research, meanwhile the sensing sensitivity has a 2-fold enhancement.

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“…Silicon photonic sensors have been intensively investigated for environment monitoring [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ], bio/chemical parameter acquisition [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ], etc. For these applications, sensors are usually required to have both a large range and a high resolution, which is unfortunately not a trivial matter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon Photonic Polarization Multiplexing Sensor with Both Large Range and High Resolution

Yin

Wang

et al. 2020

Sensors

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A silicon photonic polarization multiplexing (PM) sensor featuring both a large range and a high resolution is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The sensor includes a Fabry–Pérot (FP) resonator and a microring resonator (MRR) functioning as the sensing parts. With PM technology, the FP resonator only works on the transverse-electric mode while the MRR only on the transverse-magnetic mode. Thus, the proposed sensor can simultaneously achieve a large range with a short FP resonator and a high resolution with a high-Q MRR. Measured results show a range of 113 °C and a resolution of 0.06 °C for temperature sensing, and a range of 0.58 RIU (refractive index unit) with the resolution of 0.002 RIU for analyte refractive index sensing.

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Silicon microring refractometric sensor for atmospheric CO_2 gas monitoring

Cited by 65 publications

References 14 publications

IoT-Enabled Gas Sensors: Technologies, Applications, and Opportunities

IoT-Enabled Gas Sensors: Technologies, Applications, and Opportunities

Air-Mode Photonic Crystal Micro-Ring Resonator With Enhanced Quality Factor for Refractive Index Sensing

Silicon Photonic Polarization Multiplexing Sensor with Both Large Range and High Resolution

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