Silicon inclusion effect on fullerene formation under induction thermal plasma condition

Wang, C.; Imahori, Tsutomu; Tanaka, Yasunori; Sakuta, Tadahiro; Takikawa, Hirofumi; Matsuo, Hideo

doi:10.1016/s0040-6090(02)00015-9

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Recently, it has been demonstrated that large-scale production of fullerenes is feasible by evaporating carbon-containing materials in RF induction thermal plasma reactors [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] (see Fig. 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of Induction Plasma Process for Fullerene Synthesis: Effect of Plasma Gas Composition and Operating Pressure

Kim

Moradian

Mostaghimi

et al. 2009

Plasma Chem Plasma Process

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A mathematical model has been developed on the continuous synthesis of fullerenes by direct evaporation of carbon-containing materials using induction thermal plasma technology. The main purpose of this study is to numerically investigate the effect of plasma gas composition and operating pressure on the fullerene formation. The simulation results confirmed that Ar-He mixture plasma is more efficient than argon plasma in terms of the particle evaporation, generation of fullerene precursors, fullerene growth and their annealing, and that low pressure operation would decrease the overall yield rate of fullerenes by enhancing the radial diffusion of carbon vapors towards the reactor walls. Thus an operating condition of relatively high helium content in the plasma gas and elevated gas pressure seems much more desirable for achieving a high yield rate of fullerenes. This conclusion is in line with the experimental evidences reported previously.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of Induction Plasma Process for Fullerene Synthesis: Effect of Plasma Gas Composition and Operating Pressure

Kim

Moradian

Mostaghimi

et al. 2009

Plasma Chem Plasma Process

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“…The reactor pressure was reported to play a key role in the optimization of fullerene formation. Wang et al − have more recently studied the synthesis of fullerenes by the direct vaporization of carbon powder, using a 30-kW rf plasma. Si addition to the starting carbon mixture was found to have the effect of enhancing the formation of the product C 60 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Iron Catalyst on the Synthesis of Fullerenes and Carbon Nanotubes in Induction Plasma

et al. 2004

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The continuous synthesis of fullerenes and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in induction plasmas at the 40-kW plate power level has been studied. Kinetics calculations were conducted to predict the conditions for fullerenes formation at the high plasma temperatures. "Carbon black-iron" powder mixtures were used as starting materials. The effects of the carbon-iron molar ratio and the reactant's feeding rates on the yield of fullerenes and CNTs were studied. The experimental results show that the synthesis of fullerenes and CNTs is clearly enhanced by the 4 mol % of Fe, present in the starting mixture, when it is fed at the low rate of about 1 g/min. Under these conditions, high yields of CNTs and C 60 content, equal to 7.4 wt % of the total reaction product collected, were obtained.

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“…It is generally accepted that, in the synthesis of fullerenes, the presence of other elements should be avoided, because they can bind to the free C bond and inhibit the closure of the cluster. At the same time, a positive influence of the catalysts has been found [34,35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Wang et al [34] found that Si addition to the starting carbon powder enhanced the C 60 formation. In the absence of Si, fullerene formation could not be detected in their plasma system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Metallic and Non-Metallic Additives on the Synthesis of Fullerenes in Thermal Plasma

et al. 2022

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The effect of metallic (Fe, Cu, Co, Ni, Ti) and non-metallic additives (Si, B) on the formation of fullerenes from graphite powders was studied in radiofrequency (RF) thermal plasma. The main component of the synthesized fullerene mixtures was C60, but higher fullerenes (C70, C82, and C84) could be detected as well. Fe and Cu additives increased the fullerene content in the soot. In contrast, the fullerene formation decreased in the presence of Ti, Si, and B as compared to the synthesis without additives. However, Ti and B addition enhanced the formation of higher fullerenes. We provide experimental evidence that decreasing the reactor pressure results in a lower yield of fullerene production, in accordance with thermodynamic calculations and numerical simulations published earlier. In the presence of titanium, a significant quantity of TiC was also formed as a by-product. The fullerene mixture synthesized with boron additives showed higher stability during storage in ambient conditions as compared to other samples.

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Silicon inclusion effect on fullerene formation under induction thermal plasma condition

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

Modeling of Induction Plasma Process for Fullerene Synthesis: Effect of Plasma Gas Composition and Operating Pressure

Modeling of Induction Plasma Process for Fullerene Synthesis: Effect of Plasma Gas Composition and Operating Pressure

Effect of Iron Catalyst on the Synthesis of Fullerenes and Carbon Nanotubes in Induction Plasma

Effect of Metallic and Non-Metallic Additives on the Synthesis of Fullerenes in Thermal Plasma

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