Silicon High-Order Mode (De)Multiplexer on Single Polarization

He, Yu; Zhang, Yong; Zhu, Qingming; An, Shaohua; Cao, Ruiyuan; Guo, Xuhan; Qiu, Ciyuan; Su, Yikai

doi:10.1109/jlt.2018.2878529

Cited by 120 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…A waveguide with a too small cross-section area cannot support an entire fundamental mode, and thus the mode will partially distribute in the outer region of the waveguide. In contrast, a waveguide with a too large cross-section area will easily excite undesirable higher-order modes [36][37][38]. The taper is just appropriate for mode conversion, since a gradually varying cross-section area supports mode transformation and mode size variation.…”

Section: General Operation Mechanism Of Edge Couplersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Edge Couplers in Silicon Photonic Integrated Circuits: A Review

Cheng

et al. 2020

Applied Sciences

124

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Silicon photonics has drawn increasing attention in the past few decades and is a promising key technology for future daily applications due to its various merits including ultra-low cost, high integration density owing to the high refractive index of silicon, and compatibility with current semiconductor fabrication process. Optical interconnects is an important issue in silicon photonic integrated circuits for transmitting light, and fiber-to-chip optical interconnects is vital in application scenarios such as data centers and optical transmission systems. There are mainly two categories of fiber-to-chip optical coupling: off-plane coupling and in-plane coupling. Grating couplers work under the former category, while edge couplers function as in-plane coupling. In this paper, we mainly focus on edge couplers in silicon photonic integrated circuits. We deliver an introduction to the research background, operation mechanisms, and design principles of silicon photonic edge couplers. The state-of-the-art of edge couplers is reviewed according to the different structural configurations of the device, while identifying the performance, fabrication feasibility, and applications. In addition, a brief comparison between edge couplers and grating couplers is conducted. Packaging issues are also discussed, and several prospective techniques for further improvements of edge couplers are proposed.

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Section: General Operation Mechanism Of Edge Couplersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Edge Couplers in Silicon Photonic Integrated Circuits: A Review

Cheng

et al. 2020

Applied Sciences

124

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“…While spatial light modulator [ 107 ] and photonic lanterns [ 108 ] are proposed for FMF mode multiplexing, direct interface between FMF modes and waveguide modes on silicon photonics is still a challenge. In recent years, practical implementations of mode division multiplexing (MDM) on silicon photonics have already been proposed [ 7 , 109 , 110 , 111 ], which promote the demand for direct FMF mode-multiplexing interface on chip. To the best of our knowledge, for higher-order mode interface using GC, thus far only LP 11 mode experimental demonstration has been reported [ 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 ]; LP 21 mode coupling using GC is simulated in some works [ 118 , 121 ], but experimental implementations are still desirable.…”

Section: Emerging Trends In Grating Coupler Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grating Couplers on Silicon Photonics: Design Principles, Emerging Trends and Practical Issues

et al. 2020

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Silicon photonics is an enabling technology that provides integrated photonic devices and systems with low-cost mass manufacturing capability. It has attracted increasing attention in both academia and industry in recent years, not only for its applications in communications, but also in sensing. One important issue of silicon photonics that comes with its high integration density is an interface between its high-performance integrated waveguide devices and optical fibers or free-space optics. Surface grating coupler is a preferred candidate that provides flexibility for circuit design and reduces effort for both fabrication and alignment. In the past decades, considerable research efforts have been made on in-plane grating couplers to address their insufficiency in coupling efficiency, wavelength sensitivity and polarization sensitivity compared with out-of-plane edge-coupling. Apart from improved performances, new functionalities are also on the horizon for grating couplers. In this paper, we review the current research progresses made on grating couplers, starting from their fundamental theories and concepts. Then, we conclude various methods to improve their performance, including coupling efficiency, polarization and wavelength sensitivity. Finally, we discuss some emerging research topics on grating couplers, as well as practical issues such as testing, packaging and promising applications.

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“…Based on this technique, a high-efficiency three-mode (de)multiplexer was built with SWG DCs, showing CT values of <−16.3 dB and ILs of <3.8 dB at 1550 nm [43]. Thanks to the fabrication tolerance and therefore the scalability of the SWG DCs, the [39] 0.5 20 60~9 design was later extended to an 11-mode (de)multiplexing (TE 0 -TE 10 ) device [44]. Low CT values (−15.4 to −26.4 dB) and ILs (0.1-2.6 dB) were measured for all 11 channels at 1545 nm.…”

Section: Subwavelength Structured Mode Handling Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subwavelength structured silicon waveguides and photonic devices

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2020

Nanophotonics

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AbstractSubwavelength structures such as subwavelength gratings (SWGs) and subwavelength metamaterials are capable of tailoring the optical properties of materials and controlling the flow of light at the nanoscale. The effective indices of the subwavelength structured strip and slab waveguides can be changed in a wide range by choosing an appropriate duty cycle or a filling factor of silicon, which provides an effective method to manipulate the optical field and achieve effective index matching for functional devices. Recent advances in nanofabrication techniques have made it possible to implement subwavelength structures in silicon strip and slab waveguides. Here we review various approaches used to design subwavelength structures and achieve exotic optical responses and discuss how these structures can be used to realize high-performance silicon photonic devices. Both one-dimensional SWG devices and two-dimensional subwavelength metamaterial devices are covered in this review, including subwavelength structure–based polarization handling devices, mode manipulation devices, and building blocks for integrated optical interconnects. Perspectives on subwavelength structured silicon photonic devices are also discussed.

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Silicon High-Order Mode (De)Multiplexer on Single Polarization

Cited by 120 publications

References 32 publications

Edge Couplers in Silicon Photonic Integrated Circuits: A Review

Edge Couplers in Silicon Photonic Integrated Circuits: A Review

Grating Couplers on Silicon Photonics: Design Principles, Emerging Trends and Practical Issues

Subwavelength structured silicon waveguides and photonic devices

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