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Purpose: Sugarcane is a crop of global significance for sugar production and bioenergy. It is a long duration (12-18 months) crop; thus, the productivity is vulnerable to a range of environmental factors. Drought is emerging as one of the major stresses experienced by all crops which impact physiological and biochemical processes. Methods: This research investigates the impact of foliar application of Silixol OSA (a commercial product having stabilized Ortho Silicic Acid 2.0%) on sugarcane physiology under well-watered and water-stressed conditions, addressing some critical parameters viz. photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, and biochemical responses. Results: Under well-watered conditions, silixol (@ 3ml/L), demonstrated improvement in membrane stability index (MSI) while maintained cooler canopy temperature. In water-stressed conditions, silixol significantly increased transpiration rate (59%), net photosynthetic rate (67%), and water use efficiency (WUE) (17%), highlighting its efficacy in mitigating impacts of water scarcity. Chlorophyll fluorescence analyses revealed a 45% increased maintenance in Fv/Fm under water stress. Silixol OSA significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels by 33.7%, hydrogen peroxide accumulation by 30.7%, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity by 20%, signifying a substantial mitigation of oxidative stress. The impact on protein content (12.4% reduction) and total sugar content (8.5% reduction) implies a metabolic shift under water stress. Proline content decreased by 53.2% and dry biomass increased by 22.62%, suggesting optimized osmotic regulation and biomass accumulation with silixol treatment. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Pearson correlation analyses indicated that the interrelationship among parameters under water deficit conditions, treated with Silixol, underscores the reliability of these parameters. Conclusion: Silixol application emerged as a promising strategy for enhancing sugarcane resilience to water stress, with implications for sustainable agriculture. The study provides valuable insights of changes in sugarcane physiological and biochemical processes following application of Silixol under water deficit stress conditions, thus offers a foundation for further exploration of the development of targeted crop management strategies.
Purpose: Sugarcane is a crop of global significance for sugar production and bioenergy. It is a long duration (12-18 months) crop; thus, the productivity is vulnerable to a range of environmental factors. Drought is emerging as one of the major stresses experienced by all crops which impact physiological and biochemical processes. Methods: This research investigates the impact of foliar application of Silixol OSA (a commercial product having stabilized Ortho Silicic Acid 2.0%) on sugarcane physiology under well-watered and water-stressed conditions, addressing some critical parameters viz. photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, and biochemical responses. Results: Under well-watered conditions, silixol (@ 3ml/L), demonstrated improvement in membrane stability index (MSI) while maintained cooler canopy temperature. In water-stressed conditions, silixol significantly increased transpiration rate (59%), net photosynthetic rate (67%), and water use efficiency (WUE) (17%), highlighting its efficacy in mitigating impacts of water scarcity. Chlorophyll fluorescence analyses revealed a 45% increased maintenance in Fv/Fm under water stress. Silixol OSA significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels by 33.7%, hydrogen peroxide accumulation by 30.7%, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity by 20%, signifying a substantial mitigation of oxidative stress. The impact on protein content (12.4% reduction) and total sugar content (8.5% reduction) implies a metabolic shift under water stress. Proline content decreased by 53.2% and dry biomass increased by 22.62%, suggesting optimized osmotic regulation and biomass accumulation with silixol treatment. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Pearson correlation analyses indicated that the interrelationship among parameters under water deficit conditions, treated with Silixol, underscores the reliability of these parameters. Conclusion: Silixol application emerged as a promising strategy for enhancing sugarcane resilience to water stress, with implications for sustainable agriculture. The study provides valuable insights of changes in sugarcane physiological and biochemical processes following application of Silixol under water deficit stress conditions, thus offers a foundation for further exploration of the development of targeted crop management strategies.
Despite quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) gaining international popularity in the early 21st century for its nutritional benefits, there remains a critical need to optimize its cultivation practices in arid regions. Current research often overlooks the combined effects of supplemental irrigation and foliar treatments on quinoa’s yield and water efficiency, particularly under challenging environmental conditions like those in Borg El-Arab, Egypt. Field studies were conducted in Borg El-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt, during the winter seasons of 2021/2022 and 2022/2023 to determine the influence of supplemental irrigation (rainfed, 2000, and 4000 m3/hectare, respectively) and foliar spraying of sodium silicate (control, 200, and 400 ppm) on yield, yield components, seed quality, and water usage efficiency in quinoa cv. Chibaya grown in arid lands. Three replications were used in a split-plot design. The main plots were designated for irrigation, while the subplots were designated for foliar spraying. The results indicate that applying irrigation at a rate of 4000 m3/hectare significantly increased leaf dry weight per plant by 23.5%, stem dry weight per plant by 18.7%, total dry weight per 25 plants by 21.4%, leaf area per plant by 19.2%, and straw yield by 26.8% compared to the control treatment. There were no significant differences between irrigation with the rate of 4000 m3 or 2000 m3/hectare on biological yield kg/hectare, N (%), P (mg/100 g), and protein (%). The utilization of sodium silicate had no significance on all studied features except for straw yield kg ha−1 at the rate of 200 or 400 ppm. The results regarding the RAPD1 primer revealed that the 2000+0 silicon treatment was the only treatment that resemble the control with no up- or downregulated fragment. Moreover, 20 upregulated fragments were observed in all treatments, while 19 DNA fragments were downregulated. Furthermore, the results obtained regarding the RAPD2 primer revealed that 53 fragments were upregulated and 19 downregulated. Additionally, the RAPD3 primer demonstrated that 40 DNA fragments were upregulated, whereas 18 downregulated DNA fragments were detected. It may be inferred that the application of irrigation at a rate of 4000 m3 ha−1 might serve as a supplemental irrigation method. Spraying sodium silicate at a 400 mg L−1 concentration could alleviate the dry climate on the Egyptian shore.
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