Silicon Carbide in Lung Tissue of a Worker in the Abrasive Industry

Hayashi, Hisato; Kajita, Akira

doi:10.1002/ajim.4700140205

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In experimental studies (10-13), SIC fibers have shown a high carcinogenic potency and a long durability in human lung tissue, suggesting that they may be a plausible cause of the observed excess of lung cancer (15,16). In the present study, the analysis in which both quartz exposure and SiC fiber exposure were included showed some empirical evidence that the latter is a better indicator of lung cancer risk than is crystalline silica (table 6).…”

Section: Lung Cancersupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Substantial interest has been focused on SiC fibers or SiC whiskers, which, in experimental studies, have been shown to have carcinogenic and fibrogenic properties comparable to those of asbestos (10)(11)(12)(13). The finding of SiC fibers in the work environment of SiC smelters (1,9,14) and in the lung tissue of workers in that industry (15,16) has suggested the presence of a possible, unrecognized hazard.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cancer Incidence among Workers in the Norwegian Silicon Carbide Industry

Romundstad¹

2001

American Journal of Epidemiology

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The presence of silicon carbide (SiC) fibers in the SiC smelter work environment has suggested a possible cancer hazard. The authors studied cancer incidence among 2,620 men employed for more than 6 months in three Norwegian SiC smelters. Follow-up from 1953 to 1996 revealed an overall excess risk of lung cancer (standardized incidence ratio = 1.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.5, 2.3) and an elevated risk of stomach cancer (standardized incidence ratio = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1, 2.0). Both standardized incidence ratio and Poisson regression analyses showed that lung cancer risk increased according to cumulative exposure to total dust, SiC fibers, SiC particles, and crystalline silica. The standardized incidence ratio for the upper SiC fiber exposure category was 3.5 (95% CI: 2.1, 5.6) when exposure was lagged by 20 years, while the Poisson regression analysis showed a rate ratio of 4.4 (95% CI: 2.1, 9.0). Smoking did not seem to be an important confounder. The excess risk of lung cancer may be explained by exposure to SiC fibers, but a strong correlation between the different exposures made it difficult to distinguish between them.

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Section: Lung Cancersupporting

confidence: 52%

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confidence: 99%

Cancer Incidence among Workers in the Norwegian Silicon Carbide Industry

Romundstad¹

2001

American Journal of Epidemiology

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“…Silicon Carbide whisker (SiCW) is produced by the heating of rice hulls in a reducing atmosphere. Although isogeometric SiC was generally considered no worse than a "nuisance dust", evidences appeared that workers exposed during the manufacturing process might suffer chronic lung damage [1][2][3] . The advent of controlled SiCW manufacture and industrial use is much more recent and no epidemiological information is yet available in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short Term Effect of Silicon Carbide Whisker to the Rat Lung.

Ogami

Morimoto²,

Oyabu

et al. 2001

INDUSTRIAL HEALTH

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Abstract:We studied the short-term effect of silicon carbide whisker (SiCW) in vivo by instillation and inhalation to the rat lung. SiCW was instilled low dose (2 mg/0.5 ml saline) or high dose (10 mg/ 0.5 ml) intratracheally into the lungs of 25 rats. SiCW was also inhaled to another 25 rats at the average concentration of 10.4 mg/m 3 for 1 month. In instillation study, the lung had focal alveolitis with the destruction of alveolar wall especially at 3 days after the instillation, and the lesion remained as an aggregated foci of SiCW at 6 months. The 'inflammation-score' of the instilled group by point counting method of the specimen correspondingly decreased gradually. In inhalation group, a minimum inflammatory change was observed. Collagen deposition in the aggregated foci of SiCW with accumulated alveolar macrophages and neutrophils was not progressive during the observed period. These findings suggest that SiCW may cause a minor effect to the rat lung in 6 months after exposure.

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“…A health risk among SiC workers has been noticed since the beginning of the 19 th century (Winslow et al, 1919;Bruusgaard, 1948). Occupational analyses focusing on the Acheson process showed that the airborne environment was charged with SiC microparticles, SiC fibers and impurities, especially crystalline silica and carbon (Hayashi and Kajita, 1988;Osterman et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, analyses of lung tissue biopsies from workers exposed to these powders have revealed substantial amounts of SiC particles in alveolar spaces and interstitial fibrosis associated with an increased pneumoconiosis incidence (Funahashi et al, 1984;Hayashi and Kajita, 1988;Massé et al, 1988;Dufresne et al, 1992). Taken together, these observations were considered to be the result of a silicogenic (fibrogenic) effect (Bruch et al, 1993b) and showed the importance of occupational risk evaluation on SiC exposure, through toxicological studies (Bruch et al, 1993a(Bruch et al, , 1993bBruch and Rehn, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro cellular responses to silicon carbide particles manufactured through the Acheson process: Impact of physico-chemical features on pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative effects

Boudard

Forest

Pourchez

et al. 2014

Toxicology in Vitro

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Silicon carbide (SiC) an industrial-scale product manufactured through the Acheson process, is largely employed in various applications. Its toxicity has been poorly investigated. Our study aims at characterizing the physico-chemical features and the in vitro impact on biological activity of five manufactured SiC powders: two coarse powders (SiC C1/C2), two fine powders (SiC F1/F2) and a powder rich in iron impurities (SiC I). RAW 264.7 macrophages were exposed to the different SiC particles and the cellular responses were evaluated. Contrary to what happens with silica, no SiC cytotoxicity was observed but prooxidative and pro-inflammatory responses of variable intensity were evidenced. Oxidative stress (H 2 O 2 production) appeared related to SiC particle size, while iron level regulated proinflammatory response (TNFα production). To investigate the impact of surface reactivity on the biological responses, coarse SiC C1 and fine SiC F1 powders were submitted to different thermal treatments (650 to 1400°C) in order to alter the oxidation state of the particle surface.At 1400°C a decrease in TNF production and an increase in HO  , COO -radicals production were observed in correlation with the formation of a surface layer of crystalline silica. Finally, a strong correlation was observed between surface oxidation state and in vitro toxicity.

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Silicon Carbide in Lung Tissue of a Worker in the Abrasive Industry

Cited by 19 publications

References 11 publications

Cancer Incidence among Workers in the Norwegian Silicon Carbide Industry

Cancer Incidence among Workers in the Norwegian Silicon Carbide Industry

Short Term Effect of Silicon Carbide Whisker to the Rat Lung.

In vitro cellular responses to silicon carbide particles manufactured through the Acheson process: Impact of physico-chemical features on pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative effects

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