Silicon as a ubiquitous contaminant in graphene derivatives with significant impact on device performance

Jalili, Rouhollah; Esrafilzadeh, Dorna; Aboutalebi, Seyed Hamed; Sabri, Ylias M.; Kandjani, Ahmad Esmaielzadeh; Bhargava, Suresh K.; Gaspera, Enrico Della; Gengenbach, Thomas R.; Walker, Ashley; Chao, Yunfeng; Wang, Caiyun; Alimadadi, Hossein; Mitchell, David R. G.; Officer, David L.; MacFarlane, Douglas R.; Wallace, Gordon G.

doi:10.1038/s41467-018-07396-3

Cited by 54 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…A number of metallic elements, previously described as possible graphene contaminants, were identified [37][38][39] , such as silicon (323.63 ppm), iron (276.03 ppm), manganese (6.18 ppm), cobalt (0.92 ppm), copper (2.89 ppm), molybdenum (6.17 ppm) and nickel (34.41 ppm). The presence of K and Na is usual as well in graphene synthesis procedures based on chemical oxidation of graphite and subsequent thermal or chemical reduction 37,38 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological response of the model fungus Saccharomyces cerevisiae to different concentrations of commercial graphene nanoplatelets

Suárez-Diez

Porras

Laguna-Teno

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Graphene nanomaterials have attracted a great interest during the last years for different applications, but their possible impact on different biological systems remains unclear. Here, an assessment to understand the toxicity of commercial polycarboxylate functionalized graphene nanoplatelets (Gn) on the unicellular fungal model Saccharomyces cerevisiae was performed. While cell proliferation was not negatively affected even in the presence of 800 mg L −1 of the nanomaterial for 24 hours, oxidative stress was induced at a lower concentration (160 mg L −1), after short exposure periods (2 and 4 hours). no DnA damage was observed under a comet assay analysis under the studied conditions. in addition, to pinpoint the molecular mechanisms behind the early oxidative damage induced by Gn and to identify possible toxicity pathways, the transcriptome of S. cerevisiae exposed to 160 and 800 mg L −1 of Gn was studied. Both GN concentrations induced expression changes in a common group of genes (337), many of them related to the fungal response to reduce the nanoparticles toxicity and to maintain cell homeostasis. Also, a high number of genes were only differentially expressed in the GN800 condition (3254), indicating that high GN concentrations can induce severe changes in the physiological state of the yeast.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological response of the model fungus Saccharomyces cerevisiae to different concentrations of commercial graphene nanoplatelets

Suárez-Diez

Porras

Laguna-Teno

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Humidity was also detected using piezoelectric sensors [486,487,491], TFTs [36], quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) [490], and fibre optics [468,488]. A piezoelectric sensor that used thin Schottky junctions demonstrated a non linear sensitivity of ≈35 %/%RH over a relative humidity range of 5%RH to 63%RH when the sensor was under a 0.61% tensile strain [486].…”

Section: Other Humidity Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An a-IGZO-based TFT fabricated on PI foil was used as a humidity sensor and presented a linear sensitivity of 0.17 %/%RH over a humidity range of 0%RH to 50%RH [36]. A QCM humidity sensor had a low limit of detection of 0.006%RH and a sensitivity of 66.5 Hz/%RH [490]. The device was made using thin films of GO, the sensitivity of the sensor increased with the increase in purity of the graphite used to prepare the GO and the sensor is shown in Figure 11b.…”

Section: Other Humidity Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flexible Sensors—From Materials to Applications

et al. 2019

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Flexible sensors have the potential to be seamlessly applied to soft and irregularly shaped surfaces such as the human skin or textile fabrics. This benefits conformability dependant applications including smart tattoos, artificial skins and soft robotics. Consequently, materials and structures for innovative flexible sensors, as well as their integration into systems, continue to be in the spotlight of research. This review outlines the current state of flexible sensor technologies and the impact of material developments on this field. Special attention is given to strain, temperature, chemical, light and electropotential sensors, as well as their respective applications.

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Self‐Powered Graphene Oxide Humidity Sensor Based on Potentiometric Humidity Transduction Mechanism

Lei

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

103

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Non‐contact humidity sensors have been widely explored as human–computer interaction for the internet of things and artificial intelligence. However, except for the existing sensing mechanisms, such as resistive, capacitive, and functional groups gradient based device, little attention has been paid to exploiting new sensing mechanisms with novel properties which can meet the requirements of miniaturization and integration. Here, a self‐powered potentiometric humidity‐transduction mechanism, which modulates the measured potential difference between two electrodes by humidity stimulation on the graphene oxide (GO) solid electrolyte, is reported. On the strength of this mechanism, a highly adjustable potentiometric humidity sensor with sandwich structure of reduced graphene oxide/GO/foamed metal (nickel, zinc, iron and copper), exhibiting good scalability and cost‐efficiency, enabling fast response/recovery (0.8 s/2.4 s), ultra‐high response (0.77 V) and excellent stability (over 1500 cycles) is developed. Unlike traditional sensing mechanisms, the manipulation mechanism raised here shows self‐powered ability with no need for an additional power unit and has ultra‐low power consumption. These results provide a new scheme for the research and development of self‐powered humidity sensors, and these sensors show superior performance in non‐contact sensing applications.

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Silicon as a ubiquitous contaminant in graphene derivatives with significant impact on device performance

Cited by 54 publications

References 52 publications

Toxicological response of the model fungus Saccharomyces cerevisiae to different concentrations of commercial graphene nanoplatelets

Toxicological response of the model fungus Saccharomyces cerevisiae to different concentrations of commercial graphene nanoplatelets

Flexible Sensors—From Materials to Applications

Self‐Powered Graphene Oxide Humidity Sensor Based on Potentiometric Humidity Transduction Mechanism

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