Silicomanganese production at Transalloys in the twenty-tens

Steenkamp, J.D.; Maphutha, P.; Makwarela, O.; Banda, W.K.; Thobadi, I.; Sitefane, Martin; Gous, Johan Petrus; Sutherland, J.J.

doi:10.17159/2411-9717/2018/v118n3a13

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The ore samples obtained from the Transalloys ferromanganese smelter in South Africa were characterized by chemical analysis and mineralogical method. The fines were screened from the fresh ore − these are usually briquetted with dust and metal fines before smelting (Steenkamp et al, 2018). Chemical analysis was done by inductively coupled plasma discharge optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES).…”

Section: Experimental Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The thermal decomposition kinetics of carbonaceous and ferruginous manganese ores in atmospheric conditions

Hockaday,

Dinter,

Reynolds

2023

J. S. Afr. Inst. Min. Metall.

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The thermal decomposition of carbonate minerals as pre-treatment before smelting reduces the energy requirement for smelting. It can also make the combustion of fossil fuels for heating unnecassary. Thermal decomposition may become important in reducing greenhouse gas emissions when producing ferromanganese alloys while simultaneously reducing electrical energy demand during smelting. A kinetic reaction rate model for the thermal decomposition of manganese ores is presented, based on published reaction rate kinetics for the decomposition of manganese oxides and calcium carbonate. The model was validated against thermogravimetric data for two carbonaceous manganese ore samples and one ferruginous manganese ore sample. The reaction rate model shows that carbonate minerals in the manganese ores are decomposed at temperatures above 900 °C while pyrolusite is decomposed at temperatures from 450 °C to 500 °C. Mn2O3 decomposes rapidly at 550 °C. Braunite decomposition at temperatures below 1000 °C was negligible. The presence of organic carbon in the samples led to further reduction of the samples during thermal treatment.

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Section: Experimental Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The thermal decomposition kinetics of carbonaceous and ferruginous manganese ores in atmospheric conditions

Hockaday,

Dinter,

Reynolds

2023

J. S. Afr. Inst. Min. Metall.

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“…Producers of manganese ferroalloys typically operate their processes with a number of carbonaceous reductants (i.e. see [10]), and in South African operations quartz is often added as flux.…”

Section: Raw Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

FactSage-Based Design Calculations for the Production of High-Carbon Ferromanganese on Pilot-Scale

Steenkamp¹

2020

The Minerals, Metals &Amp; Materials Series

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The EU-funded PreMa project investigates the potential for a preheating stage to reduce the electrical energy requirement and CO 2 emissions produced, during the production of high carbon ferromanganese in a submerged arc furnace. A pilot-scale campaign will be conducted at MINTEK in South Africa to demonstrate the potential effect of preheating on furnace operation. For the pilot-scale campaign, the design of the process flowsheet and sizing of the furnace and ancillary equipment, were based on predictive mass and energy balance calculations. FactSage thermodynamic software and Microsoft Excel were utilised. The paper reports on the method applied and results obtained.

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“…The aim is to encourage similar work to be done across commodity, especially for coke bed-based ferroalloy production, i.e., SiMn, ferrochromium (FeCr), and high-carbon ferromanganese (HCFeMn) production utilising SAFs of circular design, and across countries, as South Africa currently has only one producer of SiMn. 3,4…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benchmark for Tap-Hole Lifecycle Management Practices in Silicomanganese Production When Submerged Arc Furnace Technology of Circular Design is Applied

Steenkamp

Hayman

Bezuidenhout

2019

JOM

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A holistic conceptualisation of the variables forming part of tap-hole lifecycle management and performance was defined previously for coke bed-based processes in which submerged arc furnace technology of circular design was applied. In the work presented here, the variables were applied to silicomanganese production comparing the tap-hole lifecycle management practices and performance among five furnaces on one site. The quantified independent variables were divided into four functions associated with the tap-hole lifecycle (operations, reline, maintenance, and repair), and a selection of the results is reported here. Having the benchmark available will contribute to comparative studies in future.

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Silicomanganese production at Transalloys in the twenty-tens

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

The thermal decomposition kinetics of carbonaceous and ferruginous manganese ores in atmospheric conditions

The thermal decomposition kinetics of carbonaceous and ferruginous manganese ores in atmospheric conditions

FactSage-Based Design Calculations for the Production of High-Carbon Ferromanganese on Pilot-Scale

Benchmark for Tap-Hole Lifecycle Management Practices in Silicomanganese Production When Submerged Arc Furnace Technology of Circular Design is Applied

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