Silica supported cobalt Fischer–Tropsch catalysts: effect of pore diameter of support

Saib, A.M.; Claeys, Michael; Steen, Eric van

doi:10.1016/s0920-5861(01)00466-7

Cited by 174 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Recent studies with ordered mesoporous oxides have shown that cobalt particles with defined particle sizes by confinement within the mesoporous channels are active for F-T catalysis. [180][181][182][183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190] An increase of the average particle size of the supported Co particles was found with increasing pore size of the mesopores silica; these larger particles are more reducible and lead to catalyst materials with higher F-T activity. Similar effects have been observed for Co/SiO 2 catalysts made from commercial amorphous silicas with increasing pore diameters.…”

Section: Co-based Fischer-tropsch Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Promotion Effects in Co‐Based Fischer—Tropsch Catalysis

Morales¹,

Weckhuysen²

2006

ChemInform

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Section: Co-based Fischer-tropsch Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…ITQ-2 and ITQ-6) are also reported in literature. [180][181][182][183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190] The role of the support material is rather well established. It provides mechanical strength and thermal stability to the Co nanoparticles, while facilitating a high Co dispersion.…”

Section: Co-based Fischer-tropsch Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promotion Effects in Co‐Based Fischer—Tropsch Catalysis

Morales¹,

Weckhuysen²

2006

ChemInform

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“…Catalyst support plays a significant role in the catalytic behaviour of supported metal by changing the charge and size of metal particles, the particle shape and crystallographic structure, as well as the formation of active sites [58]. Saib et al [59] studied the effect of support pore diameter on the performance of F-T synthesis and observed different adsorption properties of cobalt particles and cobalt crystalline size located in narrow and wide pores. Different types of metal oxide supports such as aluminium oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), or zeolite are employed as the carrier of catalyst materials, especially when the active sites are more expensive, like cobalt.…”

Section: Catalyst Carrier Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of Fischer Tropsch synthesis process, mechanism, surface chemistry and catalyst formulation

Mahmoudi

Doustdar

et al. 2017

Biofuels Engineering

147

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For more than half a century, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) of liquid hydrocarbons was a technology of great potential for the indirect liquefaction of solid or gaseous carbon-based energy sources (Coal-To-Liquid (CTL) and Gas-To-Liquid (GTL)) into liquid transportable fuels. In contrast with the past, nowadays transport fuels are mainly produced from crude oil and there is not considerable diversity in their variety. Due to some limitations in the first generation bio-fuels, the Second-Generation Biofuels (SGB)' technology was developed to perform the Biomass-To-Liquid (BTL) process. The BTL is a well-known multi-step process to convert the carbonaceous feedstock (biomass) into liquid fuels via FTS technology. This paper presents a brief history of FTS technology used to convert coal into liquid hydrocarbons; the significance of bioenergy and SGB are discussed as well. The paper covers the characteristics of biomass, which is used as feedstock in the BTL process. Different mechanisms in the FTS process to describe carbon monoxide hydrogenation as well as surface polymerization reaction are discussed widely in this paper. The discussed mechanisms consist of carbide, COinsertion and the hydroxycarbene mechanism. The surface chemistry of silica support is discussed. Silanol functional groups in silicon chemistry are explained extensively. The catalyst formulation in the Fischer Tropsch (F-T) process as well as F-T reaction engineering is discussed. In addition, the most common catalysts are introduced and the current reactor technologies in the F-T indirect liquefaction process are considered. process overview IntroductionThe over-reliance of the world's nations on conventional fossil fuels puts our planet in peril. The continuity of the current situation will result in the rise of a combined average temperature over global land and ocean surfaces by 5 ∘ C in 2100, bringing a rise in sea levels, food and water shortages and an increase in extreme weather events. The global warming, caused by humans, is one of the biggest threats to our future well-being [1]. In addition, oil reserves are limited and these reserves are decreasing dramatically. This reduction alongside the other relevant economic factors affects the world's oil prices. The need to run engines with the new generation of liquid fuels is inevitable. The investigations by the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) published in 2013 expressed a 56 percent increase in the world's energy consumption by the year 2040. Total world energy demand will have risen to 865 EJ (exajoule) by this year. The total world energy consumption was reported as 553 EJ in 2010. The outlook indicates that renewable energy is one of the fastest-growing energy sources in the world; where its usage increases 2.5 percent per year. Despite increasing success in the renewable energies, it is predicted that the fossil fuels will supply al-

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“…4). Cobalt supported on materials with a small average pore diameter might be located on the outer surface or in the larger pores of the materials [42]. Re- duction of cobalt oxide on materials with a large average pore diameter may result in break-up, resulting in smaller crystallites [27].…”

Section: Fementioning

confidence: 99%

Fischer‐Tropsch Catalysts for the Biomass‐to‐Liquid (BTL)‐Process

2008

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The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is at the heart of the Biomass-to-Liquids (BTL) process. Feasibility studies published in open literature typically consider cobaltbased catalysts for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Here, we present an overview on the history and development up until the present for both cobalt-and ironbased Fischer-Tropsch catalysts. The role of the support material and various other additives to the catalyst formulation are discussed in detail with regard to activity, catalyst deactivation, and selectivity. Tentative explanations for e.g. the observed size dependency in cobalt-based catalysts and phase transformations in iron-based Fischer-Tropsch catalysts are offered. The productivity of cobalt-based catalysts at high conversion level is currently higher than that of iron-based catalysts. Nevertheless, it is argued that iron-based catalysts may be an attractive option for the BTL-process, since it is much cheaper, impacting on the cost of the process due to inevitable process set-ups in industrial operation. Improvement of current iron-based catalysts is however desired.

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Silica supported cobalt Fischer–Tropsch catalysts: effect of pore diameter of support

Cited by 174 publications

References 10 publications

Promotion Effects in Co‐Based Fischer—Tropsch Catalysis

Promotion Effects in Co‐Based Fischer—Tropsch Catalysis

A review of Fischer Tropsch synthesis process, mechanism, surface chemistry and catalyst formulation

Fischer‐Tropsch Catalysts for the Biomass‐to‐Liquid (BTL)‐Process

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