Silent pauses in aphasia

Angelopoulou, Georgia; Kasselimis, Dimitrios; Makrydakis, George; Varkanitsa, Maria; Ρούσσος, Πέτρος; Goutsos, Dionysis; Evdokimidis, Ioannis; Potagas, Constantin

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.04.006

Cited by 27 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Results from this study expand research linking extended pauses to cognitive-linguistic processing in aphasia. Recent reports have shown that PWA produce more and longer extended pauses than controls (Angelopoulou et al, 2018;Hird & Kirsner, 2010). Similarly, we found that a greater percentage of narrative samples were taken up by extended pauses and fillers for PWA.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…It is also worth noting that between-word discourse pauses in the 150-750 ms range have been considered characteristic of childhood and acquired apraxia of speech (Shriberg et al, 2017a(Shriberg et al, , 2017b. Some authors have taken an empirical approach to the categorization, distinguishing between "short" and "extended" pauses on an individual basis by splitting pauses into two groupings based on the observation of bimodal within-speaker pause distributions (e.g., Angelopoulou et al, 2018;Hird & Kirsner, 2010). Using this method, Angelopoulou et al (2018) analyzed speech samples that were elicited from responses to open-ended interview questions about personal history.…”

Section: Relevance Of Extended Pauses and Repetitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some authors have taken an empirical approach to the categorization, distinguishing between "short" and "extended" pauses on an individual basis by splitting pauses into two groupings based on the observation of bimodal within-speaker pause distributions (e.g., Angelopoulou et al, 2018;Hird & Kirsner, 2010). Using this method, Angelopoulou et al (2018) analyzed speech samples that were elicited from responses to open-ended interview questions about personal history. They found that the median length of extended pauses was significantly greater for 18 PWA (785 ms) than 19 neurotypical controls (670 ms).…”

Section: Relevance Of Extended Pauses and Repetitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Speech Fluency in Acquired Apraxia of Speech During Narrative Discourse: Group Comparisons and Dual-Task Effects

Harmon

Jacks

Haley

2019

Am J Speech Lang Pathol

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Purpose Slowed speech and interruptions to the flow of connected speech are common in aphasia. These features are also observed during dual-task performance for neurotypical adults. The purposes of this study were to determine (a) whether indices of fluency related to cognitive–linguistic versus motor processing would differ between speakers with aphasia plus apraxia of speech (AOS) and speakers with aphasia only and (b) whether cognitive load reduces fluency in speakers with aphasia with and without AOS. Method Fourteen speakers with aphasia (7 with AOS) and 7 neurotypical controls retold short stories alone (single task) and while simultaneously distinguishing between a high and a low tone (dual task). Their narrative samples were analyzed for speech fluency according to sample duration, speech rate, pause/fill time, and repetitions per syllable. Results As expected, both speaker groups with aphasia spoke slower and with more pauses than the neurotypical controls. The speakers with AOS produced more repetitions and longer samples than controls, but they did not differ on these measures from the speakers with aphasia without AOS. Relative to the single-task condition, the dual-task condition increased the duration of pauses and fillers for all groups but reduced speaking rate only for the control group. Sample duration and frequency of repetitions did not change in response to cognitive load. Conclusions Speech output in aphasia becomes less fluent when speakers have to engage in simultaneous tasks, as is typical in everyday conversation. Although AOS may lead to more sound and syllable repetitions than normal, speaking tasks other than narrative discourse might better capture this specific type of disfluency. Future research is needed to confirm and expand these preliminary findings. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.8847845

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Relevance Of Extended Pauses and Repetitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relevance Of Extended Pauses and Repetitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Speech Fluency in Acquired Apraxia of Speech During Narrative Discourse: Group Comparisons and Dual-Task Effects

Harmon

Jacks

Haley

2019

Am J Speech Lang Pathol

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“…For the speech rate calculation, total duration of the audio files was used for each participant, while for all the other linguistic metrics, only the first 100 words were analyzed based on the QPA updated methodology as proposed by Rochon et al (2000) and has been implemented in other studies (see for example Efthymiopoulou et al, 2017). In order to calculate MLU, speech samples were segmented into utterances using primarily semantic, syntactic and intonational criteria in accordance with speech annotation methodology for Greek proposed by Varkanitsa (2012), which we have previously implemented in patients with aphasia and healthy speakers (Angelopoulou et al, 2018).…”

Section: Narration Sample Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no study thus far attempting to integrate anatomical and language data, in order to provide indications about possible associations of inter-sex differences with regard to both brain structure and linguistic behavior. Given the fact that findings related to sex differences with regard to narrative indices and possible neural correlates are scarce, inconclusive or absent, and taking into consideration that spontaneous language production is central to the assessment of language disorders (Bliss and McCabe, 2006), and is of higher ecological validity (for a discussion, see Angelopoulou et al, 2018), we argue that this study will contribute to the understanding of the differences in linguistic behavior between men and women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Gray and White Matter Structural Substrates of Sex Differences in the Narrative Abilities of Healthy Adults

et al. 2020

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Inter-Sex Brain and Language Differences verb frequency was significantly higher for women, but no differences were identified for MLU. Regarding cortical measures, males demonstrated increased volume, surface area and cortical thickness in several bilateral regions, while no voxel-wise or tractographybased between-group differences in white matter metrics were observed. Regarding the relationship between sex and speech variables, hierarchical regression analyses showed that the superior/middle frontal cluster in surface area may serve as a significant predictor of speech rate variance, but only in females. We discuss several possible interpretations of how sex-related speech abilities could be represented differently in men and women in gray matter structures within the broad language network.

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Automated profiling of spontaneous speech in primary progressive aphasia and behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia: An approach based on usage-frequency

Zimmerer

Hardy

Eastman

et al. 2020

Cortex

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Language production provides important markers of neurological health. One feature of impairments of language and cognition, such as those that occur in stroke aphasia or Alzheimer's disease, is an overuse of high frequency, "familiar" expressions. We used computerized analysis to profile narrative speech samples from speakers with variants of frontotemporal dementia (FTD), including subtypes of primary progressive aphasia (PPA). Analysis was performed on language samples from 29 speakers with semantic variant PPA (svPPA), 25 speakers with logopenic variant PPA (lvPPA), 34 speakers with non-fluent variant PPA (nfvPPA), 14 speakers with behavioural variant FTD (bvFTD) and 20 older normal controls (NCs). We used frequency and collocation strength measures to determine use of familiar words and word combinations. We also computed word counts, content word ratio and a combination ratio, a measure of the degree to which the individual produces connected language. All dementia subtypes differed significantly from NCs. The most discriminating variables were word count, combination ratio, and content word ratio, each of which distinguished at least one dementia group from NCs. All participants with PPA, but not participants with bvFTD, produced significantly more frequent forms at the level of content words, word combinations, or both. Each dementia group differed from the others on at least one variable, and language production variables correlated with established behavioral measures of disease progression. A machine learning classifier, using narrative speech variables, achieved 90% accuracy when classifying samples as NC or dementia, and 59.4% accuracy when matching samples to their diagnostic group. Automated quantification of spontaneous speech in both language-led and non-language led dementias, is feasible. It allows extraction of syndromic profiles that complement those derived from standardized tests, warranting further evaluation as candidate biomarkers. Inclusion of frequency-based language variables benefits profiling and classification.

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Silent pauses in aphasia

Cited by 27 publications

References 47 publications

Speech Fluency in Acquired Apraxia of Speech During Narrative Discourse: Group Comparisons and Dual-Task Effects

Speech Fluency in Acquired Apraxia of Speech During Narrative Discourse: Group Comparisons and Dual-Task Effects

Investigating Gray and White Matter Structural Substrates of Sex Differences in the Narrative Abilities of Healthy Adults

Automated profiling of spontaneous speech in primary progressive aphasia and behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia: An approach based on usage-frequency

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