Silent brain infarcts: a systematic review

Vermeer, Sarah E.; Longstreth, W. T.; Koudstaal, Peter J.

doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(07)70170-9

Cited by 1,071 publications

(962 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…2 Significant link has been observed between silent lacunar infarcts in both cortical and subcortical regions and the risk of subsequent stroke and dementia. 1 In recent findings, disrupted white matter has been suggested to mediate the relationship between multiple small vessel diseases including cerebral microbleeds in early Alzheimer's disease (AD), 3 lacunar infarcts, 4 cerebral amyloid angiopathy, 5 and cognitive dysfunction. However, it remains unclear whether disrupted white matter (WM) contributes to the neural mechanism by which silent subcortical lacunar infarcts lead to cognitive impairment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-based structural network analysis was utilized to examine the differences 1 of topological organization of the cortical white matter structural network in patients with silent lacunar infarcts (LACI) in the basal ganglia, compared with healthy controls (HCs). We also investigated the association of network topological properties with neuropsychological performance in both the groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aberrant White Matter Networks Mediate Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Silent Lacunar Infarcts in Basal Ganglia Territory

Tang

Zhong

Chen

et al. 2015

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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Silent lacunar infarcts, which are present in over 20% of healthy elderly individuals, are associated with subtle deficits in cognitive functions. However, it remains largely unclear how these silent brain infarcts lead to cognitive deficits and even dementia. Here, we used diffusion tensor imaging tractography and graph theory to examine the topological organization of white matter networks in 27 patients with silent lacunar infarcts in the basal ganglia territory and 30 healthy controls. A whole-brain white matter network was constructed for each subject, where the graph nodes represented brain regions and the edges represented interregional white matter tracts. Compared with the controls, the patients exhibited a significant reduction in local efficiency and global efficiency. In addition, a total of eighteen brain regions showed significantly reduced nodal efficiency in patients. Intriguingly, nodal efficiencybehavior associations were significantly different between the two groups. The present findings provide new aspects into our understanding of silent infarcts that even small lesions in subcortical brain regions may affect large-scale cortical white matter network, as such may be the link between subcortical silent infarcts and the associated cognitive impairments. Our findings highlight the need for network-level neuroimaging assessment and more medical care for individuals with silent subcortical infarcts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aberrant White Matter Networks Mediate Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Silent Lacunar Infarcts in Basal Ganglia Territory

Tang

Zhong

Chen

et al. 2015

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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show abstract

“…24 In the longitudinal Rotterdam Study, age, blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, cholesterol, homocysteine levels and smoking were associated with new SBI in participants without prevalent infarcts. 23 Similarly, the Framingham Offspring Study showed that atrial fibrillation, hypertension, systolic blood pressure and an elevated plasma homocysteine, but neither age nor gender were independently associated with an increased risk of SBI.…”

Section: Sex Differences In Silent Brain Infarction Y Takashima Et Almentioning

confidence: 97%

Sex differences in the risk profile and male predominance in silent brain infarction in community-dwelling elderly subjects: the Sefuri brain MRI study

et al. 2010

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Although brain infarction is more common in men, the male predominance of silent brain infarction (SBI) was inconsistent in the earlier studies. This study was to examine the relationship between sex differences in the risk profile and SBI. We conducted a population-based, cross-sectional analysis of cardiovascular risk factors and SBI on MRI. We asked all the female participants about the age at natural menopause and parity. SBI was detected in 77 (11.3%) of 680 participants (266 men and 414 women) with a mean age of 64.5 (range 40-93) years. In the logistic analysis, age (odds ratio (OR)¼2.760/10 years, 95% confidence interval (CI)¼2.037-3.738), hypertension (OR¼3.465, 95% CI¼1.991-6.031), alcohol intake (OR¼2.494, 95% CI¼1.392-4.466) and smoking (OR¼2.302, 95% CI¼1.161-4.565) were significant factors concerning SBI. Although SBI was more prevalent among men, this sex difference disappeared on the multivariate model after adjustment for other confounders. In 215 women aged 60 years or older, age at natural menopause, early menopause, duration of menopause, number of children and age at the last parity were not significantly associated with SBI after adjustment for age. Hypertension and age were considered to be the major risk factors for SBI in community-dwelling people. Male predominance in SBI was largely due to higher prevalence of alcohol habit and smoking in men than in women in our population.

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“…Silent infarcts are associated with subtle deficits and increase the risk of subsequent stroke and dementia by approximately two-fold. 32 Compared to small vessel disease, silent brain The RoPE score infarcts associated with cardiac disease are underrecognized. Both PFO and PFO closure are reportedly associated with silent brain infarcts.…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Patent Foramen Ovalementioning

confidence: 99%

A Case Report of Integrative Treatment with Conventional and Korean Medicine Applied to a Patient with Cerebral Infarction Due to Presumed Paradoxical Embolism Through a Patent Foramen Ovale

김¹,

옥²,

양³

et al. 2016

J Int Korean Med

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Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is growing in clinical interest because of a renewed focus on embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS), the PFO attributable fraction (the 10-point Risk of Paradoxical Embolism score), technical advances in PFO diagnosis, and the emergence of endovascular device closure as a treatment option. However, recent randomized controlled trials of the management of patients with ESUS and PFO failed to demonstrate the superiority of closure over medical treatment. The mechanisms of stroke other than paradoxical embolism may be important in patients with ESUS and PFO. This paper reviews the current understanding of the pathophysiology of stroke and therapeutic options in patients with PFO and ESUS.

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Silent brain infarcts: a systematic review

Cited by 1,071 publications

References 144 publications

Aberrant White Matter Networks Mediate Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Silent Lacunar Infarcts in Basal Ganglia Territory

Aberrant White Matter Networks Mediate Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Silent Lacunar Infarcts in Basal Ganglia Territory

Sex differences in the risk profile and male predominance in silent brain infarction in community-dwelling elderly subjects: the Sefuri brain MRI study

A Case Report of Integrative Treatment with Conventional and Korean Medicine Applied to a Patient with Cerebral Infarction Due to Presumed Paradoxical Embolism Through a Patent Foramen Ovale

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