Silencing Feminism? Gender and the Rise of the Nationalist Far Right in Spain

Cabezas, Marta

doi:10.1086/716858

Cited by 42 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Since then, Vox has relentlessly targeted gender violence policies. There is an emergent body of gender‐sensitive journalistic, activist, and academic research on the rise of the Spanish Far Right (Casals 2019; Rubio‐Pueyo 2019; Urbán 2019), including from feminist researchers (Alabao 2018, 2020; Cabezas 2022; Carreras 2019; Pérez Colinas 2020). Overall, this burgeoning field recognizes antifeminism as a defining feature of the Spanish Far Right, and that public policies on gender violence are under attack.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Along with this antifeminist position in the electoral program, a "femonationalist" (Farris 2017) stance was staged by Rocío Monasterio, Vox's prominent woman leader, to advance the party's xenophobic agenda. Idealizing gender relations between Spanish men and women and advocating for a mythical "Spanish feminism" of the past century, she blamed foreign men-mostly Muslims-for machismo (Cabezas 2022). 5 "The progressive consensus is over," declared Vox's secretary general at the closing rally of the general elections.…”

Section: Scene 1: Campaigning To "Reconquer" Spainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Between December 2018 and November 2019, four electoral cycles took place across these three levels, plus the elections for the European Parliament. During this unusual concentration of elections, Vox used the same frame of La Reconquista de España (The Reconquest of Spain) (Cabezas 2022). This revived the national myth of the “recovery” of Christian rule over an imagined preexisting Spain that, in this narrative, had been occupied by Muslims.…”

Section: Vox: From the Silenced Margins To Center Stagementioning

confidence: 99%

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Patriarchal Authoritarianism Reloaded: Gender Violence, Policy Conflict, and the Resurgence of the Far Right in Spain

Cabezas

2022

PoLAR

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The virulent opposition to gender violence policy championed by the Spanish Far Right Party Vox since it gained political representation in December 2018 has been remarkable. This opposition has turned gender violence into a language of political struggle at a time of intense feminist mobilization and feminist influence in government. What does this ideological battle over gender violence reveal about Vox's political project? This article argues that this policy conflict provides a window through which to understand the authoritarian core of the Spanish Far Right and shows that feminist critique is key to its unpacking. It proposes further research venues for an anthropology of the state and of policy informed by feminism and engaged with the pressing problems of our times.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Scene 1: Campaigning To "Reconquer" Spainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vox: From the Silenced Margins To Center Stagementioning

confidence: 99%

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Patriarchal Authoritarianism Reloaded: Gender Violence, Policy Conflict, and the Resurgence of the Far Right in Spain

Cabezas

2022

PoLAR

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“…Radical right political actors, religious organizations, and civil society promote modern sexist positions and organize against feminism and sexual freedom, aiming to preserve the patriarchal and heteronormative social order (Kuhar and Paternotte, 2018). Arguably, there is a backlash against feminism and sexual freedom that is politically manifested, for instance, in politicians' overt sexism and laws restricting women's and LGBTQI+ rights in countries like the United States, Poland, Hungary, and others (Grzebalska and Peto, 2018;Darakchi, 2019;Faludi et al, 2019;Maxwell and Shields, 2019;Cabezas, 2022). Yet, we know little about the factors explaining modern sexist attitudes at the individual level and across different country contexts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who perceives women's rights as threatening to men and boys? Explaining modern sexism among young men in Europe

2022

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While Western democracies have become increasingly gender-equal over the past decades, recent research documents a backlash against gender equality in the form of rising modern sexism. Previous research shows that modern sexism predicts political attitudes and voting behavior that are detrimental to women's empowerment and liberalism. Yet, we know little about which factors explain modern sexist attitudes and how they operate across multiple country contexts. Building on modern conceptualizations of sexism, we theorize that (perceived) increases in competition between men and women provoke modern sexism among young men in particular. Using an original measure that approximates dimensions of modern sexism embedded in the 2021 EQI survey, capturing 32,469 individuals nested in 208 NUTS 2 regions in 27 European Union countries, we demonstrate that young men are most likely to perceive advances in women's rights as a threat to men's opportunities. This is particularly true for young men who (a) consider public institutions in their region as unfair, and (b) reside in regions with recent increases in unemployment resulting in increased competition for jobs. Our findings highlight the role of perceived competition between men and women in modern sexism and contradict the argument that older generations are most likely to backlash against progressive values, potentially adding to research explaining the recent backlash against gender equality.

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“…For years, Catalonia, as well as Spain, has been characterized by fairly tolerant policies and attitudes toward migrants (Burchianti & Zapata-Barrero, 2014). However, as is the case throughout the European landscape, the increasing presence of far-right movements in the region is beginning to shake its 37 years of social-democratic rule, overlapping with other political processes of enormous significance such as the Catalan independence movement (Bernat & Whyte, 2019) or the feminist protest cycle that has turned feminism into one of the main vectors of politicization in Spain (Cabezas, 2022). These ongoing issues represent Spain's worst political crisis in 40 years and their effects loom over the political and social milieu in both Catalonia and Spain today, generating social fractures among their citizens (Byrne, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a Common Public Culture? Boundaries to Belonging in Catalonia

Martí

Pàmies

Caravaca

et al. 2022

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The tension between the will to build a collective national identity and the increasing diversity of today’s societies is one of the main challenges facing nation‐states today. Catalan society, being no exception, also faces many challenges as diasporic identities and transnational loyalties proliferate, weakening both citizens’ roots and their need to belong. The present article aims to identify situations and social spaces of discrimination and explicit/implicit racism, existing mechanisms and responses aimed at avoiding and dealing with these situations, and the groups they affect most in Catalan society. Through a participatory research, 23 focus groups were carried out—of between six and 12 participants—in eight territories (Pàmies et al., 2020). Results reveal diverse areas of discrimination, ranging from the violation of civil and political rights to that of economic, social, and cultural rights. The situations described and named by some as examples of micro‐racism complicate the sense of belonging for many citizens, challenging the real possibility of achieving a pluricultural collective identity. Thus, to promote belonging and build a common public culture with which everyone feels identified, as promoted by official speeches, it is necessary to recognize plurality and diversity and promote citizen participation—and representation—in devising public actions, as well as encourage interactions that emphasize all common and shared aspects in a context conditioned by the reactive fragmentation of identity politics.

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Silencing Feminism? Gender and the Rise of the Nationalist Far Right in Spain

Cited by 42 publications

References 27 publications

Patriarchal Authoritarianism Reloaded: Gender Violence, Policy Conflict, and the Resurgence of the Far Right in Spain

Patriarchal Authoritarianism Reloaded: Gender Violence, Policy Conflict, and the Resurgence of the Far Right in Spain

Who perceives women's rights as threatening to men and boys? Explaining modern sexism among young men in Europe

Towards a Common Public Culture? Boundaries to Belonging in Catalonia

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