Silences on state violence during the Algerian War of Independence: France and Algeria, 1962–2007

Branche, Raphaëlle; House, Jim

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511676178.007

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…This practice is sometimes referred to as 'silence' or 'collective amnesia' (Baumeister & Hastings, 1997;Winter, 2010). For example, until the late 1990s, French media, cultural channels, and studies did not expose the widespread torture and execution of Algerians during the 1954-62 France-Algeria War (Branche & House, 2010).…”

Section: Omission Of Contradictory Contentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sociopsychological analysis of conflict-supporting narratives

Bar‐Tal

Oren

Nets‐Zehngut

2014

Journal of Peace Research

128

109

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Societies involved in intractable conflicts form conflict-supporting narratives that illuminate and justify their intergroup conflicts. These narratives play an important role in satisfying the basic sociopsychological needs of the involved individuals and collectives. In order to fulfill this role the narratives tend to be biased in favor of the in-group, selective, distorting and simplistic. This article analyzes such narratives that focus on the following major themes: Justification and Threats (of conflict), Delegitimization (of the opponent), Glorification and Victimhood (of the in-group), the in-group’s need for Patriotism and Unity, and its Aspiration for Peace. Additionally, the article describes the individual and collective functions of these narratives. It also describes six main methods that are used in the narratives’ construction: reliance on supportive sources, marginalization of contradictory information, magnification of supportive themes, fabrication of supportive contents, omission of contradictory contents, and use of framing language. Because conflict-supporting narratives are so functional, the involved societies struggle to support their dominance within their own society as well as in the international community. This article, therefore, presents seven methods that are used by the parties in their intrasocietal struggles – control of access to information, censorship, discrediting of contradicting information, monitoring, punishment, encouragement and rewarding, and closure of archives. Similar methods are used in the international arena struggles. Finally, it describes the process of change from adherence to the conflict-supportive narratives to the construction of new peace-supporting narratives and adherence to them.

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Section: Omission Of Contradictory Contentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sociopsychological analysis of conflict-supporting narratives

Bar‐Tal

Oren

Nets‐Zehngut

2014

Journal of Peace Research

128

109

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“…One example of self‐censorship involves many thousands of French soldiers taking part in the Algerian war who participated in—or witnessed—the widespread torture of hundreds of thousands of Algerians—many innocent civilians (Nets‐Zehngut & Elbaz, in press). Branche and House () in this vein noted: “During the war, the French security forces used torture on a very large scale not only to fight against the nationalists… . Torture was, in essence, an everyday form of violence employed throughout Algeria for many years by French troops… .…”

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confidence: 99%

Self‐Censorship as a Socio‐Political‐Psychological Phenomenon: Conception and Research

Bar‐Tal

2017

Political Psychology

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Self‐censorship of information, defined as an act of intentionally and voluntarily withholding information from others in the absence of formal obstacles, serves as an obstacle to the proper functioning of a democratic society, because it prevents free access to information, freedom of expression, and the flow of information. It is of key importance in societies, as it blocks information that may shed new light on various societal issues. Nevertheless, it is recognized that in certain cases self‐censorship is necessary. The present article provides a comprehensive conceptual framework for self‐censorship and examines it from various angles with empirical examples. It describes its nature and psychological foundations, the motivations that underlie it, the conditions that facilitate its practice, its societal and individual consequences, and, finally, its measurement challenges.

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“…This took place in memoirs and the media, including by central veterans such as Generals Jacques Massu and Paul Aussaresses. 73 Many of the conflicts that occur worldwide have different characteristics. The above discussion is relevant to many of these conflicts, especially since the discussion offers general theoretical factors that encompass the particulars of different conflicts.…”

Section: Findings and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Passing of Time and the Collective Memory of Conflicts: The Case of Israel and the 1948 Palestinian Exodus

Nets‐Zehngut¹

2012

Peace & Change

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Collective memory is a general category that includes various kinds of memories such as popular, official, autobiographical, cultural, and historical (that produced by scholars). The impact of the passing of time on the collective memory of conflicts, despite its importance, is narrowly addressed in the literature. This article addresses that lack. Empirically, the article is based primarily on a study that examined Israeli collective memory from 1949 to 2004 regarding the causes for the 1948 Palestinian exodus. Methodologically, it is based mostly on content analysis of publications of seven main Israeli–Jewish institutions: the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF), the National Information Center, the Ministry of Education, newspapers, the research community, non‐governmental organizations (NGOs) and 1948 war veterans’ memoirs, as well as interviews with key people in these institutions. Theoretically, the article offers various contributions, such as: it proposes that time is a meta‐factor which includes fifteen factors influencing collective memory and describes which kind of memory is influenced by each factor and in what way (with focus on the historical memory). The article also discusses the intra‐generational process that occurs within the direct‐experience generation, differentiates between different modes of influence of the factors (for example, direct and indirect), and proposes that time is an apolitical meta‐factor.

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Silences on state violence during the Algerian War of Independence: France and Algeria, 1962–2007

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

Sociopsychological analysis of conflict-supporting narratives

Sociopsychological analysis of conflict-supporting narratives

Self‐Censorship as a Socio‐Political‐Psychological Phenomenon: Conception and Research

The Passing of Time and the Collective Memory of Conflicts: The Case of Israel and the 1948 Palestinian Exodus

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