Sildenafil in ophthalmology: An update

Arora, Supriya; Surakiatchanukul, Thamolwan; Arora, Tarun; Cagini, Carlo; Lupidi, Marco; Chhablani, Jay

doi:10.1016/j.survophthal.2021.06.004

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 196 publications

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“…This medication has some ocular complications associated with PDE-5, such as anterior ischemic optic neuropathy(AION), subretinal hemorrhage, central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and extraocular muscle paralysis. 1 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal toxicity of long term overdose of sildenafil citrate: A case report

Yan

2023

American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal toxicity of long term overdose of sildenafil citrate: A case report

Yan

2023

American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports

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“…Still, it is intriguing that both vasoconstrictors such as sympathomimetics and vasopressin and vasodilators such as phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDIs) and minoxidil are associated with CSC. [ 12 13 14 17 18 19 ]…”

Section: Pathophysiological Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central serous chorioretinopathy: Pathophysiology, systemic associations, and a novel etiological classification

Jain¹,

Mohan

Dijk

2022

Taiwan J Ophthalmol

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Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) has remained an enigmatic disease since its initial description by Von Graefe. Over the years, multiple risk factors have been recognized: these include psychological stress, behavioral traits, and corticosteroids. The basic pathophysiology of CSC involves choroidal thickening, vascular congestion, altered choroidal blood flow (ChBF), and choroidal hyperpermeability, leading to retinal pigment epithelium decompensation and subsequent neurosensory detachment. Multiple organ systems, mainly the nervous, cardiovascular, endocrinal, and renal systems participate in the control of the vascular tone and the ChBF via hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis and renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, while others such as the hepatic system regulate the enzymatic degradation of corticosteroids. Many vasoactive and psychotropic drugs also modulate the ocular perfusion. In addition, there are anatomical and genetic predispositions that determine its progression to the chronic or recurrent form, through cellular response and angiogenesis. We herein review the basic pathophysiology and immunogenetics in CSC along with the role of multiple organ systems. With this background, we propose an etiological classification that should provide a framework for customized therapeutic interventions.

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“…However, reportedly, these symptoms are typically transient [ 1 ]. A few studies have reported the effects of sildenafil on ocular tissues [ 2 ]; however, a limited number of studies have discussed sildenafil overdose (particularly doses > 1000 mg), and overdose-induced changes in visual function remain largely unknown. In this study, we report the retinal morphology, retinal sensitivity, and electrophysiological evaluation findings on long-term follow-up in a case of sildenafil overdose (2000 mg).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term follow-up of retinal morphology and physiology after 2000 mg sildenafil overdose as a means of attempted suicide: a case report

et al. 2022

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Background Few case reports have described sildenafil overdose, particularly ingestion of > 1000 mg, and overdose-induced changes in visual function remain unclear. We report retinal morphology, retinal sensitivity, and findings of electrophysiological evaluation over long-term follow-up in a case of sildenafil overdose (2000 mg). Case presentation Our patient developed visual abnormalities in the paracentral visual field accompanied by photophobia, decreased contrast sensitivity, and difficulty distinguishing colors in both eyes, 8 hours after the sildenafil overdose. These symptoms did not improve throughout the course, and although abnormalities of retinal morphology and sensitivity, as well as the electroretinogram findings showed slight improvement, the patient did not recover completely at 6-month follow-up. Conclusions We observed that high-dose sildenafil ingestion leads to retinal toxicity; the ocular abnormalities may persist for at least 6 months. Optical coherence tomography, Humphrey perimetry, microperimetry, and multifocal electroretinography are useful to quantitatively monitor temporal changes.

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Sildenafil in ophthalmology: An update

Cited by 19 publications

References 196 publications

Retinal toxicity of long term overdose of sildenafil citrate: A case report

Retinal toxicity of long term overdose of sildenafil citrate: A case report

Central serous chorioretinopathy: Pathophysiology, systemic associations, and a novel etiological classification

Long-term follow-up of retinal morphology and physiology after 2000 mg sildenafil overdose as a means of attempted suicide: a case report

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