Sildenafil, a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, attenuates diabetic nephropathy in STZ-induced diabetic rats

Abstract

The present study concludes that SIL improves the renal function by decreasing the triglyceride level and improving the podocyte count in DN animals.

Eupatilin attenuates diabetic nephropathy by upregulating matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in diabetic rat kidney

“…Thus, their levels are altered in DN. It is known that improvement in renal function also protects the nephrons [17]. This is in agreement with the attenuation of renal function in the DN rats by eupatilin, which also attenuated the alterations in the levels of biochemical parameters assayed.…”

Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibition preserves renal hemodynamics and function in mice with diabetic kidney disease by modulating miR-22 and BMP7

“…Experimental and clinical data support the hypothesis that PDE5is could act as nephroprotective agents and current interest has shifted from their cardioprotective323334 to their nephroprotective1314151617183536 properties. In a recent clinical trial, a novel long-acting PDE5i, PF-00489791, was effective in reducing albuminuria in diabetic patients stably treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs).…”

“…In diabetes, glomerular cGMP production is decreased, PDE5 activity is increased11 and changes in the cGMP-NO pathway leads to a rise in intra-glomerular pressure12. PDE5 inhibitors (PDE5is) may have an active role in the management of DN13 by reducing glomerulosclerosis and proteinuria and improving vascular inflammation and podocyte count in experimental diabetes models14151617. These findings, together with the modulation of inflammatory1418 and angiogenic mediators, and endothelial function1920 in murine and human models, support the use of PDE5i to prevent complications of the diabetic kidney.…”

Melatonin reverses type 2 diabetes-induced cognitive deficits via attenuation of oxidative/nitrosative stress and NF-κB-mediated neuroinflammation in rat hippocampus

“…ORT was performed in a black colored wooden box (50 × 70 × 50 cm 3 ). The animal was initially habituated to the ORT box for 10 min in a day for two consecutive days.…”

“…Complications in several body systems, such as cranial and peripheral nerves, large vessels, eyes, kidney, and cardiovascular system, are associated with diabetes [2,3]. Cognitive deficits have also been observed in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients.…”