Silane Modified Diopside for Improved Interfacial Adhesion and Bioactivity of Composite Scaffolds

Abstract

Diopside (DIOP) was introduced into polyetheretherketone/polyglycolicacid (PEEK/PGA) scaffolds fabricated via selective laser sintering to improve bioactivity. The DIOP surface was then modified using a silane coupling agent, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH570), to reinforce interfacial adhesion. The results showed that the tensile properties and thermal stability of the scaffolds were significantly enhanced. It could be explained that, on the one hand, the hydrophilic group of KH570 formed an organic covalent bond with the hydroxy group on DIOP surface. On the other hand, there existed relatively high compatibility between its hydrophobic group and the biopolymer matrix. Thus, the ameliorated interface interaction led to a homogeneous state of DIOP dispersion in the matrix. More importantly, an in vitro bioactivity study demonstrated that the scaffolds with KH570-modified DIOP (KDIOP) exhibited the capability of forming a layer of apatite. In addition, cell culture experiments revealed that they had good biocompatibility compared to the scaffolds without KDIOP. It indicated that the scaffolds with KDIOP possess potential application in tissue engineering.

Structure, properties, and bioactivity of 3D printed PAEKs for implant applications: A systematic review

“…5% of nano‐TiO₂ addition increased the tensile strength to 51 MPa (34% higher than PEEK/PGA), however it dropped with 7% nano‐ TiO₂ addition (41 MPa:32% higher than PEEK/PGA). Finally, they compared the tensile properties of porous PEEK/PGA scaffolds with addition of diopside (DIOP) particles and a silane coupling agent (3‐glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane: KH570) along with DIOP (KDIOP) with weight percentages of 0–20% 57 . They showed that tensile strength decreased with addition of DIOP particles (from 38 to 18 MPa with 20% DIOP), whereas it significantly decreased after 10% of KDIOP (38–25 MPa).…”

“…They concluded scaffolds with 10% HA, provided the optimum outcome and selected for further in vitro testing, promoted cell attachment and proliferation higher than PEEK/PGA scaffolds without HA. Furthermore, they added DIOP (a calcium magnesium silicate bioceramic) and KDIOP (silane modified DIOP) into SLS PEEK/PGA scaffolds with different weight percentages 57 . They indicated cell viability was significantly higher with 10% KDIOP addition to PEEK/PGA scaffolds.…”

Colonization versus encapsulation in cell-laden materials design: porosity and process biocompatibility determine cellularization pathways

“…SLS relies on a laser beam to transform powdered particles into a three-dimensional solid by applying heat locally [104]. Several biocompatible polymers like PCL [105,106], poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA) [107], polyether ether ketone (PEEK) [108,109], polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) [110] and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) [111] can be used either as single ingredients or as hybrid composites. Bioceramics can be incorporated to improve bioactivity [111,112] and/or the construct mechanical properties [113,114].…”

PLLA–gelatin composite fiber membranes incorporated with functionalized CeNPs as a sustainable wound dressing substitute promoting skin regeneration and scar remodeling

“…11 It is believed that their degradation products are lactic acid and glycolic acid. 12 Both the products are considered as part of various metabolic pathways under normal physiological conditions in the human body. 13 Recently, PLLA in combination with other natural polymers has been used as a promising wound dressing matrix.…”