Silage review: Using molecular approaches to define the microbial ecology of silage

McAllister, Tim A.; Dunière, Lysiane; Drouin, Pascal; Xu, Shaofa; Wang, Y.; Munns, Krysty; Zaheer, Rahat

doi:10.3168/jds.2017-13704

Cited by 113 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…This and other techniques have been replaced by metagenomic analysis via next-generation sequencing (NGS), which has revolutionized microbial ecology studies in several areas. NGS has a higher resolution and a lower cost and requires less time in the laboratory (McAllister et al 2018). This technique predicts not only the occurrence of micro-organisms that are difficult to grow but also how micro-organisms respond to different conditions related to silage by genotype and phenotype association and the sequencing of genes associated with certain metabolic pathways (shotgun sequencing).…”

Section: The Silage Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Silage fermentation—updates focusing on the performance of micro‐organisms

2019

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Summary Advances in micro‐organism identification techniques have resulted in increased knowledge of the diversity of prokaryotes and eukaryotes in silage. Such knowledge has enhanced the understanding of how fermentation occurs in forage crops with different characteristics and how the process can be improved to enhance silage quality. Undesirable micro‐organisms can grow in silage when fermentation does not occur properly. Such micro‐organisms may be pathogenic and/or produce toxic metabolic compounds; however, information on the consequences of these metabolites on the health of animals that consume silage is still lacking. The major challenge of ensilage is to produce high‐quality feed that is nutritional, sanitary and stable, with a high dry matter recovery rate, in a process involving no interventions during fermentation and considerable variation in the characteristics of the substrates. It is important to note that each substrate has particularities and that we can only improve fermentation if we fully understand microbial diversity. This review is intended to update information related to the fermentation profile of silage, focusing on microbial diversity.

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Section: The Silage Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Silage fermentation—updates focusing on the performance of micro‐organisms

2019

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“…Most bacterial studies were performed following the amplification of the V3-V4 region, but there was a trend toward using the V4 or V4-V5 region, which offers potential for longer DNA strand and improves comparison scores against the database. Using a good quality database is also a critical step that is often overlooked during analysis [12]. The drawback of the current methodology for amplicon-based metagenomic is that the amplified region is short and does not provide enough coverage of the complete 16S rRNA gene.…”

Section: Microbiota Diversity During Ensilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactic Acid Bacteria as Microbial Silage Additives: Current Status and Future Outlook

Drouin¹,

Mari²,

Schmidt³

2020

New Advances on Fermentation Processes

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Silage making is not a novel technique. However, the agricultural industry has made great strides in improving our understanding of-and efficiency in-producing high-quality silage for livestock. Silage microbiology research has been using the newest molecular techniques to study microbial diversity and metabolic changes. This chapter reviews important research that has laid the foundation for field-based utilization of silage inoculants. We also outline areas of current, and future, research that will improve global livestock production through the use of silage.

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“…information were narrowed on the species abundance involved in the fermentation process 18 . Therefore, the next generation sequencing (NGS) technology was applied in the study to characterize the microbial communities associated with the SSB fermentation 19,20 .…”

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Effects of microbial inoculants on the fermentation characteristics and microbial communities of sweet sorghum bagasse silage

Dong

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Sweet sorghum bagasse (SSB) is a promising raw material for silage fermentation due to its high residual nutritive, but the efficient fermentation strategy of SSB has not been reported yet. This study evaluated the effects of microbial inoculant on the fermentation quality, chemical composition and microbial community of SSB silage. The silage inoculated with isolated lactic acid bacteria (LpE) achieved better fermentation than that of commercial inoculant A, B (CIA, CIB) and untreatment, including low pH value, high levels of lactic acid and water soluble carbohydrates (WSC) content, which demonstrated that the LpE inoculant could contribute to the preservation of nutrition and the manipulation of fermentation process of SSB. In addition, the results of microbial community analysis indicated that the LpE inoculant significantly changed the composition and diversity of bacteria in SSB silage. After ensiling, the LpE inoculated silage were dominated by Lactobacillus(95.71%), Weissella(0.19%). These results were of great guiding significance aiming for high-quality silage production using SSB materials on the basis of target-based regulation methods. Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is a low-cost non-food energy crop that can simultaneously produce the sugar juice and bagasse 1. In addition, the sweet sorghum has a high photosynthetic efficiency resulted in high biomass productivity and rapid accumulation of sugars in stems 2,3. It also has a remarkable stress tolerance in harsh growth conditions, such as salinity, alkalinity and drought areas 4,5. Currently, the utilization of sweet sorghum mainly focused on the juice fermentation for biofuels and chemicals production because the juice extracted from sweet sorghum stems contains high sugar contents and could be fermented directly by microbes 6,7. Hence, a large amount of sweet sorghum bagasse (SSB) will be certainly left from the industrial-scale extraction of sugar juice to meet the needs of fermentation industry. Although the SSB was used as a substrate for burning, converting to cellulosic sugars, producing biofuels and structural materials 8-10 , it remains underutilized at current stage. While ensiling is an efficient approach to fermenting sweet sorghum bagasse and used for animal feeds 11. During ensiling process, the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) are important factors for achieving high quality silage fermentation 12,13. Thus, the production of high quality silage from sweet sorghum bagasse is a good choice due to its high residual nutritive and sugars, and low cost 10. The LAB inoculant have been proposed as an effective additives to prolong the storage time and improve the feed palatability 14,15. The present study also uses two LAB strains (NCBI Accession No. MN022576 and MN022577) as additive, isolated from corn silage. Besides, the application of LAB isolated from forage crops for SSB silage fermentation has not been reported. In general, silage fermentation is a fully microbial-based fermentation process 1...

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Silage review: Using molecular approaches to define the microbial ecology of silage

Cited by 113 publications

References 100 publications

Silage fermentation—updates focusing on the performance of micro‐organisms

Silage fermentation—updates focusing on the performance of micro‐organisms

Lactic Acid Bacteria as Microbial Silage Additives: Current Status and Future Outlook

Effects of microbial inoculants on the fermentation characteristics and microbial communities of sweet sorghum bagasse silage

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