Silage and dairy cow production

Rogers, GL; Bryant, A. M.; McLeay, L. M.

doi:10.1080/00288233.1979.10417820

Cited by 48 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…Previous abomasal protein infusion studies with lactating animals fed on fresh pasture diets in New Zealand have indicated that a deficiency in protein supply was restricting production, both for dairy cows (Rogers et al 1979) and for ewes (Barry, 1981). Such studies with lactating animals can be insensitive, due to body tissue storage or mobilization of protein and fat.…”

Section: Eficiency Of Protein Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein metabolism in growing lambs fed on fresh ryegrass (Lolium perenne)–clover (Trifolium repens) pasture ad lib. 1. Protein and energy deposition in response to abomasal infusion of casein and methionine

Barry

1981

Br J Nutr

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1. Male lambs that had been born in autumn and wintered on forage diets were cannulated in the abomasum, confined indoors in individual pens, and fed on fresh primary growth ryegrass (Lolium perenne) – clover (Trifolium repens) pasture ad lib, for a 12-week period during spring. Mean diet organic matter digestibility (OMD) was 0/76, nitrogen content 29 g/kg dry matter (DM) and metabolizable energy (ME) content 11.1 MJ/kg DM. Thirteen lambs were infused into the abomasum with 44 g sodium caseinate +0/5 g L-methionine/d and 12 lambs were similarly infused with equivalent amounts of inorganic sodium and phosphorus. Initial live weight was 16/5 kg.2. The twenty-five treatment lambs were slaughtered at the end of the experiment, and thirteen similar lambs were slaughtered when the experiment commenced. Body composition was determined and rates of protein, fat and energy deposition were calculated using comparative slaughter procedures.3. Voluntary herbage DOM intakes tended to be slightly greater for control than protein-infused lambs, but calculated ME intakes including that infused as amino acids were similar for the two groups. Live-weight gains were 79 and 99 g/d for control and protein-infused lambs respectively (P < 0/05) and corresponding values for carcass gain: live-weight gain were 0/44 and 0/50 (P < 0/01), Wool growth was markedly increased by the amino acid infusion.4. Carcass and whole body protein content was increased 10 g/kg by the protein infusion (P < 0/01) and fat content depressed approximately 25 g/kg (P < 0/05). Rates of protein deposition in both carcass and wool-free whole body were markedly increased by protein infusion, and total deposition including wool was 12.6 and 21.0 g/d for control and protein-infused lambs (P < 0/001). Energy deposited in protein as a proportion of total energy deposition was 0/27 and 0/41 for control and protein-infused lambs (P < 0/001), but total energy retention and the efficiency of utilization of ME for growth did not differ between the two groups of lambs.5. It was estimated that 60 and 100 g total amino acids/d were absorbed from the small intestine in the control and protein-infused lambs respectively, corresponding to 0.16 and 0/25 of total ME intake. It was concluded that absorption of protein from the small intestine was limiting protein deposition in the growing lambs fed on fresh ryegrass-based spring pasture in this study. Absorption of cystine+methionine was specifically shown to be limiting. However, the protein deficiency was not a major factor in the low value for the efficiency of utilization of ME for growth for this diet (0/30).

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Section: Eficiency Of Protein Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein metabolism in growing lambs fed on fresh ryegrass (Lolium perenne)–clover (Trifolium repens) pasture ad lib. 1. Protein and energy deposition in response to abomasal infusion of casein and methionine

Barry

1981

Br J Nutr

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Storage Proteins and their Metabolism

Hagan

Higgins

2004

Handbook of Plant Biotechnology

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The identification and cloning of storage protein genes over the last 20 years has provided new tools to improve grain and forage crops. To date, storage protein biotechnology has been used to address deficiencies of essential amino acids in important crop species, improve the digestibility of forage crops for ruminant animals and improve quality traits such as the bread making quality of wheat dough. High lysine maize is already available through the breeding of storage protein mutants, whilst transgenic crops containing storage proteins that impart a nutritional benefit are currently undergoing field trials. However, despite recent advances in this area, a number of limitations remain. In some cases, the rate of synthesis of particular amino acids limits protein accumulation. In other cases, the introduction of a new storage protein has altered the expression levels of endogenous proteins, potentially affecting desirable traits. In addition, some of the storage proteins targeted for use in transgenic plants have been identified as allergens.

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Genetic engineering of grain and pasture legumes for improved nutritive value

et al. 1993

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This review describes work aimed at the improvement of the nutritive value of grain and forage legumes using gene transfer techniques. Two traits which are amenable to manipulation by genetic engineering have been identified. These are plant protein quality and lignin content. In order to increase the quality of protein provided by the legume grains peas and lupins, we are attempting to introduce into these species chimeric genes encoding a sunflower seed protein rich in the sulphur-containing amino acids methionine and cysteine. These genes are designed to be expressed only in developing seeds of transgenic host plants. Chimeric genes incorporating a similar protein-coding region, but different transcriptional controls, are being introduced into the forage legumes lucerne and subterranean clover. In this case the genes are highly expressed in the leaves of transformed plants, and modifications have been made to the sunflower seed protein-coding sequences in order to increase the stability of the resultant protein in leaf tissue. Another approach to increasing plant nutritive value is represented by attempts to reduce the content of indigestible lignin in lucerne.

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Silage and dairy cow production

Cited by 48 publications

References 16 publications

Protein metabolism in growing lambs fed on fresh ryegrass (Lolium perenne)–clover (Trifolium repens) pasture ad lib. 1. Protein and energy deposition in response to abomasal infusion of casein and methionine

Protein metabolism in growing lambs fed on fresh ryegrass (Lolium perenne)–clover (Trifolium repens) pasture ad lib. 1. Protein and energy deposition in response to abomasal infusion of casein and methionine

Storage Proteins and their Metabolism

Genetic engineering of grain and pasture legumes for improved nutritive value

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