Sikap Generasi Muda Batak dalam Upaya Pemertahanan Bahasa Batak: Kajian Sosiolinguistik

Abstract

Masyarakat Batak Toba telah terbiasa menggunakan bahasa Indonesia, apalagi yang hidup di perkotaan. Pada umumnya mereka mampu berbahasa Indonesia karena bilingual, yakni mampu menggunakan dua bahasa. Bahkan intensitas pemakaian bahasa Indonesia lebih tinggi dibanding bahasa Batak. Hal ini akan menimbulkan masalah dalam pemertahanan bahasa. Sikap generasi muda sangat menentukan akan keberlangsungan bahasa daerah ini. Bahasa daerah akan punah apabila penutur bahasa daerah itu habis. Agar tidak terjadi kepunahan bahasa daerah, maka diharapkan bahasa tersebut senantiasa digunakan mulai dari lingkungan keluarga, tempat tinggal, dan lingkungan bekerja. Teori yang digunakan untuk menguraikan masalah ini adalah teori sosiolinguistik, dengan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Berdasarkan pembahasan diketahui bahwa generasi muda Batak merasa bangga mampu menggunakan bahasa Batak (97,5%). Generasi muda Batak juga menyadari bahwa penguasaan bahasa Batak sangatlah penting (95%). Kurangnya kemampuan generasi muda berbahasa Batak disebabkan orang tuanya mengajari mereka di rumah cenderung dengan menggunakan bahasa Indonesia (50%).
 
 The Toba Batak people are accustomed to using Indonesian, especially those living in urban areas. In general, they are able to speak Indonesian because they are bilingual, which is able to use two languages. Even the intensity of the use of Indonesian is higher than the Batak language. This will cause problems in language maintenance. The attitude of the young generation is crucial for the sustainability of this regional language. Regional languages ​​will become extinct if the speakers of the regional languages ​​are exhausted. In order to avoid the extinction of regional languages, it is expected that the language will always be used starting from the family environment, residence, and work environment. The theory used to describe this problem is the sociolinguistic theory, using quantitative descriptive analysis methods. Based on the discussion it is known that the younger generation of Bataks feel proud to be able to use Batak language (97.5%). The younger generation of Bataks also realize that mastery of the Batak language is very important (95%). The lack of ability of the younger generation in the Batak language is due to their parents teaching them at home and tends to use Indonesian (50%).

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