Signs and countersigns

Skinner, B. F.

doi:10.1017/s0140525x00058490

Cited by 37 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 210 publications

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“…Of equal importance was the fact that a single reinforcement may be sufficient for strengthening of a response. Skinner often referred to this finding as an essential aspect of operant conditioning (e.g., 1971, p. 176; 1978, p. 116; 1979, p. 88; 1983, p. 368; 1987, p. 168; 1988, p. 466; 1989, p. 126).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skinner's early research: From reflexology to operant conditioning.

Iversen

1992

American Psychologist

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skinner's early research: From reflexology to operant conditioning.

Iversen

1992

American Psychologist

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“…Skinner (1978a) had said, “Reinforcement must overlap behavior if we are not to suppose that something which has not yet occurred can have an effect” (p. 20; also see 1984, p. 220). Later, Skinner (1988b) said, “Verbal behavior is defined as behavior reinforced by the actions of listeners (or viewers), and the reinforcement is always slightly delayed” (p. 467). From a mechanistic perspective, the shift from an unqualified “must overlap” to “always slightly delayed” (for verbal behavior) is considerable and opens up a wider consideration of consequences.…”

Section: Functional Behaviorism In the Functional Traditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From mechanistic to functional behaviorism.

Moxley¹

1992

American Psychologist

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A shift from mechanistic behaviorism to functional behaviorism is presented against the background of two historical traditions, one with an emphasis on form, the other with an emphasis on function. Skinner's work, which made more contributions to a functional behaviorism than to a mechanistic behaviorism, exemplifies this shift. The two traditions and an account of Skinner's development of functional relations are presented in order to show Skinner's contributions to aligning modern behavior analysis with the functional tradition.

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“…Apesar do uso indiscriminado de diferentes palavras em referência à ocorrência de fenômenos emocionais,Skinner (1988) afirmou que "por cerca de 60 anos eu requeri definições operacionais rigorosas de termos psicológicos" (p. 113).6 Acerca de uma interpretação de emoções, sentimentos e pensamentos enquanto relações comportamentais, de uma perspectiva analítico-comportamental, verTourinho (2006b).…”

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Emotional Phenomena in the Interpretative Context of the Causal Mode of Selection by Consequences

Darwich

2023

JOSHA

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B. F. Skinner gave rise to radical behaviorism, as the philosophy of a science of behavior, and produced experimental and theoretical arguments that grounded that science. The Skinnerian system distinguished itself from Psychology in the first half of the 20th century, by promoting the physical monism and recommending the approach of overt and covert responses in the context of individual-environment relations. The adherence to the causal mode of selection by consequences in the explanation of the behavior, however, can be viewed as controversial in the context of the analysis of emotional phenomena, for these include operant, but also respondent components. Such an issue led to a revision of the theoretical foundations of behavior analysis, resulting in the proposal of an interpretative model of emotional phenomena by means of interrelations among respondent and operant processes. Considering that phylogenetic selection explains the establishment of unconditioned respondent relations, it is investigated if the selectionist model explains conditioned respondent relations in emotional phenomena. The approach of elaborations in behavior analysis resulted in the proposal of an interpretative model of emotional phenomena considering the occurrence of inter-relations among respondent and operant processes. The internal coherence of the Skinnerian interpretative system is preserved by means of the basic statement that, along ontogenesis, historically established relations with the environment explain the occurrence of overt, covert, respondent and operant responses, as well as those with both components. Considering that conceptual clarity tends to be a prerequisite for intervention, this study contrasted the proposed interpretative model to the context of the accomplishment of functional analysis in the literature of behavior analysis. Preliminarily, the model demonstrated to be a useful interpretative tool, since it enables the understanding of different functions of variables, which take part in the behavioral relations of interest, from a contextualized and historical perspective.

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Signs and countersigns

Cited by 37 publications

References 210 publications

Skinner's early research: From reflexology to operant conditioning.

Skinner's early research: From reflexology to operant conditioning.

From mechanistic to functional behaviorism.

Emotional Phenomena in the Interpretative Context of the Causal Mode of Selection by Consequences

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