Significant of Molecular Genotyping Over Serological Phenotyping Techniques in Determination of Blood Group Systems among Multiple Transfused Patients and Blood Donors to Prevent Alloimmunization: A Review Article

Abstract

Karafin et al., 2018). ABO antibodies are naturally occurring antibodies, while Rh and Kell antibodies are immunogenic in nature. The immune system produces alloantibodies when it is exposed to foreign antigens (incompatible erythrocyte) these antibodies form a complex with donor cells causing haemolytic transfusion reactions. Patients with Rh and Kell alloantibodies should be transfused with blood that is lacking the antigens because these antibodies are capable of causing severe haemolytic anaemia and haemolytic disease of the newborns (Singhal et al., 2017). Hence, it is important to transfused females of child-bearing age with compatible blood in order to reduce or minimize the possibility of sensitizing their immune system with clinically important antigens (Guelsin et al., 2015). Unexpected incompatibility reactions are the major risks of blood and blood products transfusion