Significant latitudinal gradient in the surface ozone spring maximum over East Asia

Tanimoto, Hiroshi; Sawa, Yousuke; Matsueda, Hidekazu; Uno, Itsushi; Ohara, Toshimasa; Yamaji, Katsuhiko; Kurokawa, J.; Yonemura, Seiichiro

doi:10.1029/2005gl023514

Cited by 107 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Our previous application and evaluation of CMAQ are found elsewhere [Tanimoto et al, 2005;Uno et al, 2007]. The horizontal and vertical resolutions are 80 Â 80 km 2 and 14 layers up to 23 km, respectively.…”

Section: Regional Ctm and Emissions Inventorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Asian anthropogenic emissions and decadal trends in springtime tropospheric ozone over Japan: 1998–2007

Tanimoto¹,

Ohara²,

Uno³

2009

Geophysical Research Letters

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[1] We examine springtime ozone trends at nine remote locations in Japan during the last decade. The observed decadal ozone trends are relatively small at surface sites but are substantially larger at a mountainous site. We use a regional chemistry-transport model to explore the observed changes and how changes in Asian anthropogenic emissions have contributed to the observed increasing trends. The model with yearly-dependent regional emissions successfully reproduces the levels, variability, and interannual variations of ozone at all the surface sites. It predicts increasing trends at the mountainous site, suggesting that increasing Asian anthropogenic emissions account for about half the observed increase. However, the discrepancy between the observation and model results after 2003 (the time of largest emission increase) suggests significant underestimation of the actual growth of the Asian anthropogenic emissions and/or incompleteness in the modeling of pollution export from continental Asia. Citation: Tanimoto, H., T. Ohara, and I. Uno (2009), Asian anthropogenic emissions and decadal trends in springtime tropospheric ozone over Japan: 1998

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Section: Regional Ctm and Emissions Inventorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Asian anthropogenic emissions and decadal trends in springtime tropospheric ozone over Japan: 1998–2007

Tanimoto¹,

Ohara²,

Uno³

2009

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…In Japan, it has been reported that various substances, including non-sea-salt sulfate (nss-SO 4 2-), heavy metals and organic compounds, are transported from the Asian continent to Japan during winter and spring when the airflows from the Asian continent are dominant (Mukai et al, 1990(Mukai et al, , 1994Ichikawa et al, 1998;Tanaka and Sakata, 2002;Sakata and Marumoto, 2005;Sakata et al, 2006). Moreover, Tanimoto et al (2005) showed that the spring maximum of surface O 3 over Japan is significantly caused by NO x from sources in China and Korea. On the other hand, Jaffe et al (2005) and Weiss-Penzias et al (2006) observed the export of CO, O 3 , Hg 0 and particles from Asian long-range transport (ALRT) during spring at the Mt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isotopic evidence of boron in precipitation originating from coal burning in Asian continent

2010

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The boron concentration and isotopic composition (δ 11 B) of precipitation collected from December 2002 to March 2006 at three sites on the Japan Sea coast were measured. Those sites have been considerably affected by the long-range transport of air pollutants from the Asian continent during winter and spring when the airflows from the Asian continent are predominant. The boron concentration in the precipitation increased primarily during winter whereas the δ 11 B decreased during winter or spring. It is assumed that this decrease in δ 11 B is not associated with a Rayleigh distillation process, because the previous δD values of the precipitation collected at a site on the Japan Sea coast did not decrease in the same manner. A weak correlation (r 2 = 0.13-0.24, P < 0.01) was observed between δ 11 B and the nonsea-salt sulfate (nss-SO 4 2-)/B ratio at each site, suggesting that boron in the precipitation originate primarily from two sources. The first source, which is characterized by high δ 11 B and nss-SO 4 2-/B = 0, is seawater. At the northern site, the enrichment factor for boron in the precipitation relative to seawater approached unity during winter. This implies that much of the boron in the precipitation is derived from unfractionated sea salts rather than gaseous boron evaporated from seawater. The second source is characterized by low δ 11 B and high nss-SO 4 2-/B ratio. Most of the nss-SO 4 2-in the precipitation originates from anthropogenic combustion activities in the Asian continent based on the previous model calculations. Coal accounts for a major portion of the total primary energy supply in China. Moreover, coal enriches boron and represents generally negative δ 11 B values. Hence, we propose that the emission of boron from coal burning is the most likely second source. Thus, boron isotopes may be useful as tracers of coal-burning plumes from the Asian continent.

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“…Yamaji et al (2006) used a regional-scale atmospheric chemistry transport model and showed that about 10-20 ppb of ozone (about 20-30% of the total) was attributable to regional production in April-May over western Japan. Naja and Akimoto (2004) and Tanimoto et al (2005Tanimoto et al ( , 2009) investigated the overall influence of the expanding Asian economy on ozone levels over Japan. They all looked at the entire regional production of ozone without discriminating between (1) and (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Photochemical Ozone Production Rates and Limiting Factors in Continental Outflow Air Masses Reaching Fukue Island, Japan: Ozone-Control Implications

Kanaya

Tanimoto

Yokouchi

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Asian continental outflow air masses reach western Japan in the springtime, carrying high levels of ozone produced over the Asian continent, and facilitating in-situ production. In this study, in-situ production was highlighted; the rate and limiting factors of net ozone production were diagnosed at Fukue Island, a remote island west of Japan, on 17 days during May-June 2009, when the continental outflow air mass arrived, using an observation-based modeling approach. The average ozone production was estimated to be 6.8 ppb per day. Information on the chemical status of the arriving air mass is important, because it affects how further ozone production in the air mass occurs after precursor addition from Japanese domestic emissions. The main limiting factor of ozone production for such air masses was usually nitrogen oxides (NO x ), suggesting that domestic NO x emission control is important in reducing further ozone production. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) also increased the ozone production rate, and occasionally (14% of time) became the dominant controlling factor. This analysis implies that the VOC reduction legislation recently enacted by the Japanese government should be effective. VOC-limited conditions occurred particularly when the air mass traveled within 6-8 h, via the Korean Peninsula. The uncertainty in the radical chemistry mechanism governing ozone production had a non-negligible impact, but the main conclusion relevant to policy was not altered. When chain termination was augmented by HO 2 + NO/NO 2 reactions in the presence of H 2 O and by heterogeneous loss of HO 2 on aerosol particle surfaces, as recently verified or hypothesized, the daily ozone production rate decreased by up to 24%, and the fraction of hours when the VOC-limited condition occurred varied from 14% to 13-26%.

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Significant latitudinal gradient in the surface ozone spring maximum over East Asia

Cited by 107 publications

References 17 publications

Asian anthropogenic emissions and decadal trends in springtime tropospheric ozone over Japan: 1998–2007

Asian anthropogenic emissions and decadal trends in springtime tropospheric ozone over Japan: 1998–2007

Isotopic evidence of boron in precipitation originating from coal burning in Asian continent

Diagnosis of Photochemical Ozone Production Rates and Limiting Factors in Continental Outflow Air Masses Reaching Fukue Island, Japan: Ozone-Control Implications

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