Significant contribution of combustion-related emissions to the atmospheric phosphorus budget

Wang, Rong; Balkanski, Yves; Boucher, Oliviér; Ciais, Philippe; Peñuelas, Josep; Tao, Shu

doi:10.1038/ngeo2324

Cited by 216 publications

(280 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Ding et al, 2013b). The boundary layer-air pollution feedback will decrease the height of the PBL and result in an even more polluted PBL (Ding et al, 2013b;Wang et al, 2014;Petäjä et al, 2016). Therefore, considering the complex land-surface types (city clusters surrounded by agricultural areas) and pollution sources, improving our understanding of the associated feedbacks is very important for forecasting extreme air pollution episodes and for long-term policymaking.…”

Section: Urban Air Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX): towards a holistic understanding of the feedbacks and interactions in the land–atmosphere–ocean–society continuum in the northern Eurasian region

et al. 2016

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Abstract. The northern Eurasian regions and Arctic Ocean will very likely undergo substantial changes during the next decades. The Arctic-boreal natural environments play a crucial role in the global climate via albedo change, carbon sources and sinks as well as atmospheric aerosol production from biogenic volatile organic compounds. Furthermore, it is expected that global trade activities, demographic movement, and use of natural resources will be increasing in the Arctic regions. There is a need for a novel research approach, which not only identifies and tackles the relevant multi-disciplinary research questions, but also is able to make a holistic system analysis of the expected feedbacks. In this paper, we introduce the research agenda of the Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX), a multi-scale, multi-disciplinary and international program started in 2012 (https://www.atm.helsinki.fi/peex/). PEEX sets a research approach by which large-scale research topics are investigated from a system perspective and which aims to fill the key gaps in our understanding of the feedbacks and interactions between the land-atmosphereaquatic-society continuum in the northern Eurasian region. We introduce here the state of the art for the key topics in the PEEX research agenda and present the future prospects of the research, which we see relevant in this context.

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Section: Urban Air Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX): towards a holistic understanding of the feedbacks and interactions in the land–atmosphere–ocean–society continuum in the northern Eurasian region

et al. 2016

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“…However, recent work suggests that gaseous phosphorus emissions are important during combustion processes. If gases are also considered, human atmospheric phosphorus should then account for about 50% of the total (Wang et al 2015). Estimates are therefore still controversial, and this fact highlights the need of a better understanding of the processes of production and speciation of atmospheric phosphorus.…”

Section: Effects Of Airborne Nutrients On Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Chemical Loadings in the High Mountain: Current Forcing and Legacy Pollution

Camarero

2017

High Mountain Conservation in a Changing World

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Human emissions have changed the chemistry of atmosphere. Potentially toxic chemicals have been spread, and the global cycles of some key elements have been disrupted. Because enhanced atmospheric precipitation and cold trapping caused by elevation, high mountain ecosystems are considered as regional convergence areas of atmospheric pollutants. In this chapter, research on surface waters acidification, pollution by trace elements, and atmospheric nutrient inputs in the Pyrenees is reviewed. Pyrenean lakes have experienced only a moderate acidification, due partly to an also moderate acid load and partly to the neutralising cations carried by dust. Presently, declining concentrations of sulphate in lakes indicate that recovery is proceeding. Pollution by trace elements dates more than two millennia back. The primary accumulation sites are the sediments of lakes. Soils also hold an important burden, and there is evidence that some elements are being currently remobilised. This is causing a delayed pollution, despite deposition of several trace metals is declining. The emissions of artificial reactive nitrogen have caused increased deposition on the Pyrenean catchments, which are thus nitrogen saturated. A parallel increase of phosphorus deposition has occurred, likely caused by climatic reasons. The combined effect of both seems to be an enhanced uptake of nitrogen by phytoplankton causing a lower nitrogen concentration in lakes and a possible shift from phosphorus-to-nitrogen limitation of phytoplankton growth, as well as an incipient eutrophication. All these are examples of impacts in remote natural areas that require a global strategy of conservation beyond the boundaries of the ecosystems affected.

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“…The climate (and air quality) impacts of SLCPs depend on the atmosphere into which they are emitted -future changes in temperature, humidity, cloud amount, surface albedo, circulation and atmospheric composition are likely to change these impacts . Acting in the other direction, changes in SLCP emissions can impact vegetation via changes in air quality (Sitch et al, 2007;Collins et al, 2010), nutrient deposition (Mahowald, 2011;Wang et al, 2015) or photosynthetic active radiation (Mercado et al, 2009), thereby altering the terrestrial carbon budget and hence future CO 2 concentrations and thus giving the SLCPs a much longer term impact.…”

Section: Climate Effects Of Slcpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the climate and air quality impacts of short-lived pollutants

et al. 2015

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Abstract. This paper presents a summary of the work done within the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme project ECLIPSE (Evaluating the Climate and Air Quality Impacts of Short-Lived Pollutants). ECLIPSE had a unique systematic concept for designing a realistic and effective mitigation scenario for short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs; methane, aerosols and ozone, and their precursor species) and quantifying its climate and air quality impacts, and this paper presents the results in the context of this overarching strategy. The first step in ECLIPSE was to create a new emission inventory based on current legislation (CLE) for the recent past and until 2050. Substantial progress compared to previous work was made by including previously unaccounted types of sources such as flaring of gas associated with oil production, and wick lamps. These emission data were used for present-day reference simulations with four advanced Earth system models (ESMs) and six chemistry transport models (CTMs). The model simulations were compared with a variety of ground-based and satellite observational data sets from Asia, Europe and the Arctic. It was found that the models still underestimate the measured seasonality of aerosols in the Arctic but to a lesser extent than in previous studies. Problems likely related to the emissions were identified for northern Russia and India, in particular. To estimate the climate impacts of SLCPs, ECLIPSE followed two paths of research: the first path calculated radiative Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. A. Stohl et al.: Evaluating the climate and air quality impacts of short-lived pollutantsforcing (RF) values for a large matrix of SLCP species emissions, for different seasons and regions independently. Based on these RF calculations, the Global Temperature change Potential metric for a time horizon of 20 years (GTP 20 ) was calculated for each SLCP emission type. This climate metric was then used in an integrated assessment model to identify all emission mitigation measures with a beneficial air quality and short-term (20-year) climate impact. These measures together defined a SLCP mitigation (MIT) scenario. Compared to CLE, the MIT scenario would reduce global methane (CH 4 ) and black carbon (BC) emissions by about 50 and 80 %, respectively. For CH 4 , measures on shale gas production, waste management and coal mines were most important. For non-CH 4 SLCPs, elimination of high-emitting vehicles and wick lamps, as well as reducing emissions from gas flaring, coal and biomass stoves, agricultural waste, solvents and diesel engines were most important. These measures lead to large reductions in calculated surface concentrations of ozone and particulate matter. We estimate that in the EU, the loss of statistical life expectancy due to air pollution was 7.5 months in 2010, which will be reduced to 5.2 months by 2030 in the CLE scenario. The MIT scenario would reduce this value by another 0.9 to 4.3 months. Substantially larger reductions du...

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Significant contribution of combustion-related emissions to the atmospheric phosphorus budget

Cited by 216 publications

References 43 publications

Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX): towards a holistic understanding of the feedbacks and interactions in the land–atmosphere–ocean–society continuum in the northern Eurasian region

Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX): towards a holistic understanding of the feedbacks and interactions in the land–atmosphere–ocean–society continuum in the northern Eurasian region

Atmospheric Chemical Loadings in the High Mountain: Current Forcing and Legacy Pollution

Evaluating the climate and air quality impacts of short-lived pollutants

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