Significant Changes in the Intestinal Environment After Surgery in Patients with Colorectal Cancer

Ohigashi, Seiji; Sudo, Kazuki; Kobayashi, Daiki; Takahashi, Takuya; Nomoto, Koji; Onodera, Hisashi

doi:10.1007/s11605-013-2270-x

Cited by 96 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…To date, there is no published data on the effect of acetic acid on the viability of Enterobacteriaceae, neither on gut endotoxins release and translocation. Nevertheless, previous studies have reported a negative relationship between the gut levels of Enterobacteriaceae and acetic acid [45, 46]. Altogether, this study suggests that oral supplementation with APA microencapsulated B. infantis ATCC 15697 increases the production of colonic organic acids, impeding the growth of endotoxins-producing bacteria such as Enterobacteriaceae.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

MicroencapsulatedBifidobacterium longumsubsp.infantisATCC 15697 Favorably Modulates Gut Microbiota and Reduces Circulating Endotoxins in F344 Rats

Rodes

Saha

Tomaro-Duchesneau

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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The gut microbiota is a bacterial bioreactor whose composition is an asset for human health. However, circulating gut microbiota derived endotoxins cause metabolic endotoxemia, promoting metabolic and liver diseases. This study investigates the potential of orally delivered microencapsulated Bifidobacterium infantis ATCC 15697 to modulate the gut microbiota and reduce endotoxemia in F344 rats. The rats were gavaged daily with saline or microencapsulated B. infantis ATCC 15697. Following 38 days of supplementation, the treated rats showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in fecal Bifidobacteria (4.34 ± 0.46 versus 2.45 ± 0.25% of total) and B. infantis (0.28 ± 0.21 versus 0.52 ± 0.12 % of total) and a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in fecal Enterobacteriaceae (0.80 ± 0.45 versus 2.83 ± 0.63% of total) compared to the saline control. In addition, supplementation with the probiotic formulation reduced fecal (10.52 ± 0.18 versus 11.29 ± 0.16 EU/mg; P = 0.01) and serum (0.33 ± 0.015 versus 0.30 ± 0.015 EU/mL; P = 0.25) endotoxins. Thus, microencapsulated B. infantis ATCC 15697 modulates the gut microbiota and reduces colonic and serum endotoxins. Future preclinical studies should investigate the potential of the novel probiotic formulation in metabolic and liver diseases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

MicroencapsulatedBifidobacterium longumsubsp.infantisATCC 15697 Favorably Modulates Gut Microbiota and Reduces Circulating Endotoxins in F344 Rats

Rodes

Saha

Tomaro-Duchesneau

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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“…The precise explanation by which the process of surgery in the present study shifted the intestinal microbiota remains to be clarified. The surgery performed in the present study included a large abdominal incision, colon resection, anastomosis, and wound closure, all of which has been shown to result in a catabolic stress and immune activation as a compensatory mechanism to deal with the process of healing the wounds [24,25]. There likely exist multiple mechanisms that drive the compositional and functional changes in the microbiota including redistribution of nutrients away from the gut to healing tissues, immune activation, and changes in luminal and mucosal oxygen status [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal anastomotic injury alters spatially defined microbiome composition and function

et al. 2014

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BackgroundWhen diseased intestine (i.e., from colon cancer, diverticulitis) requires resection, its reconnection (termed anastomosis) can be complicated by non-healing of the newly joined intestine resulting in spillage of intestinal contents into the abdominal cavity (termed anastomotic leakage). While it is suspected that the intestinal microbiota have the capacity to both accelerate and complicate anastomotic healing, the associated genotypes and functions have not been characterized.ResultsUsing 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of samples collected on the day of surgery (postoperative day 0 (POD0)) and the 6th day following surgery (postoperative day 0 (POD6)), we analyzed the changes in luminal versus tissue-associated microbiota at anastomotic sites created in the colon of rats. Results indicated that anastomotic injury induced significant changes in the anastomotic tissue-associated microbiota with minimal differences in the luminal microbiota. The most striking difference was a 500-fold and 200-fold increase in the relative abundance of Enterococcus and Escherichia/Shigella, respectively. Functional profiling predicted the predominance of bacterial virulence-associated pathways in post-anastomotic tissues, including production of hemolysin, cytolethal toxins, fimbriae, invasins, cytotoxic necrotizing factors, and coccolysin.ConclusionTaken together, our results suggest that compositional and functional changes accompany anastomotic tissues and may potentially accelerate or complicate anastomotic healing.

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“…159 Similarly, other studies have shown that PCR-detection of Enterococcus in drain fluid after colorectal surgery correlated with those patients that developed anastomotic leakage. 160 …”

Section: The Microbial Hypothesis Of Anastomotic Leakmentioning

confidence: 86%

The intestinal microbiome and surgical disease

Krezalek

Skowron

Guyton

et al. 2016

Current Problems in Surgery

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Significant Changes in the Intestinal Environment After Surgery in Patients with Colorectal Cancer

Abstract: Significant changes in the intestinal environment, including marked decreases in obligate anaerobes, increases in pathogenic bacteria, and reductions in SCFAs, were detected after surgery for CRC.

Cited by 96 publications

References 30 publications

MicroencapsulatedBifidobacterium longumsubsp.infantisATCC 15697 Favorably Modulates Gut Microbiota and Reduces Circulating Endotoxins in F344 Rats

MicroencapsulatedBifidobacterium longumsubsp.infantisATCC 15697 Favorably Modulates Gut Microbiota and Reduces Circulating Endotoxins in F344 Rats

Intestinal anastomotic injury alters spatially defined microbiome composition and function

The intestinal microbiome and surgical disease

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