Significance of yeasts in bloodstream infection: Epidemiology and predisposing factors of Candidaemia in adult patients at a university hospital (2010–2014)

Abstract

The incidence of Candida bloodstream infection (BSI) has increased during the past decades. Species distribution is changing worldwide, and non-albicans Candida spp. are becoming more prevalent. Acquired resistance to antifungal agents has been documented in several reports. The aim of our study was to assess the epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility of Candida isolates from BSI at our institute. The incidence of Candida BSI increased during the fi rst four years of our investigation, from 1.7 to 3.5 episodes / 10 000 admissions, then dropped to 2.66 episodes / 10 000 admissions in the last year. The most frequently isolated species was C. albicans (63%), followed by C. glabrata (13%), C. parapsilosis (10.2%), C. tropicalis (9.3%), and C. krusei (3.7%). One isolate each of C. kefyr, C. fabianii and C. inconspicua were detected. The percentage of C. albicans remained stable throughout the study period. The most frequent risk factors of Candida BSI in our patient population were intensive care treatment (60.4%), abdominal surgery (52.5%), and solid malignancy (30.7%). All isolates were wild-type organisms, no acquired antifungal resistance was detected.

Evaluation of candidemia in epidemiology and risk factors among cancer patients in a cancer center of China: an 8-year case-control study

“…Among enrolled patients in our study, age > = 65 years old, indwelling central venous catheters, surgery and previous antibiotics exposure were related with candidemia, but not considered as independent predictors, since these factors were not tightly consistent in previous reports [ 7 , 17 , 18 , 20 , 32 ]. The inconsistent findings may vary on the population, region and study design.…”

“…Cancer patients are a large population with potential-risk to candidemia, both hematologic and solid malignancies were reported as the predictor for candidemia, especially for the former which were in high risk group compared to tumors in solid organs [ 18 , 21 , 22 ]. Meanwhile, candidemia could exacerbate the prognosis of malignant diseases (30-day mortality is up to 56%) [ 20 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Characterization of the Same Mutations in FCA1 Gene Associated With 5-FC Resistance of Candida albicans

“…Candida albicans was the most frequently isolated species (17)(18)(19). Based on the worldwide surveillance data of drug susceptibility to Candida species, a decreased susceptibility was found infrequently for 5-FC in C. albicans, while it was more common for azoles (18,20).…”

“…This represents the first description of three genetic mutations in clinical isolates responsible for 5-FC resistance. Nevertheless, there was no obvious association between 5-FC resistance and Val11Ile and Asp36Gly substitutions in Fca1p, whereas Gly28Asp substitution was associated with 5-FC resistance (10,19). Nevertheless, it needs to be verified using transformation studies or site-directed mutagenesis.…”

Erişkin Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Yatan Hastalarda Kandidemi Risk Faktörlerinin Belirlenmesi

“…Kandidemi insidansındaki artışın ana sebepleri, risk altındaki popülasyon dağılımında değişmeler, geniş spektrumlu antibakteriyel ajanların kullanımındaki artış, invaziv prosedürler, mekanik ventilasyon, santral venöz kateter, parenteral beslenme, kompleks cerrahi yöntemler ve bağışıklık sistemini baskılayıcı tedavidir [5,6] . Sözü edilen tüm risk faktörleri popülasyona, yaşanılan bölgeye, altta yatan hastalığa hatta çalışma periyodu ve uygulanan yöntemlere göre değişim göstermektedir [7][8][9][10] . ARTEMS DİSK küresel sürveyans çalışmalarından elde edilen so-nuçlara göre beş Candida türü (Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis ve Candida krusei) kandidemi olgularının %92'sinden sorumludur [11,12] .…”