Significance of Membrane Applications for High-Quality Biodiesel and Byproduct (Glycerol) in Biofuel Industries—Review

Govindaraju, Ragul; Chen, Shiao-Shing; Wang, Li-Pang; Chang, Hau‐Ming; Pasawan, M.

doi:10.1007/s40726-021-00182-8

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Furthermore, reactions took place under mild conditions in the membrane reactors with a simultaneous separation of water or glycerol that moves the equilibrium to the products side. Continuous mode under optimum operational conditions presented high membrane catalytic stability with small reduction in conversion rate or biodiesel yield [9,10]. Characteristic examples are oleic acid esterification with methanol in a flow throw membrane reactor in the presence of PPSCM membrane where conversion rate retained above 95% for 50 h of continuous running [22], as well as the esterification of waste chicken oil with methanol under novel sulfonated polyethersulfone (SPES)/PES/Non-Woven Fabric (NWF) catalytic membrane, which exhibited great stability after 500h of continuous running in a membrane reactor [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Membrane reactors (MRs) are novel structures that combine in a single unit both reaction and separation processes providing high biodiesel selectivity and yield.. Types of MRs include catalytic membrane reactors (CMRs), pervaporation catalytic membrane reactors (PVCMRs), membrane bioreactors (MBRs) and inert membrane reactors [1,9,10]. Moreover, reverse membrane bioreactors (rMBRs) could be a promising combined technology merging conventional MBR and cell encapsulation techniques that could be more efficient than conventional pressure driven MBRs, mainly for bioconversion of complex substrates [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Membrane Performance on Biodiesel Production and Purification: A Review

C.¹,

Elissavet²

2022

Int. J. Membrane Sci. Techno.

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Biodiesel is considered as a renewable and cleaner fuel compared to the equivalent fossil fuels. However, the conventional methods of biodiesel production as well as its purification processes present economic and environmental limitations. Membrane based systems can significantly improve biodiesel yield retaining the unrecovered feedstock and recycle it to the reactor for further esterification/transesterification. Moreover, the simultaneous removal of byproducts leads in high purity and quality biodiesel production. The current study presents recent experimental and modeling results based on a PRISMA literature review analysis. Several membrane-based catalytic systems were categorized by their performance and stability on biodiesel production as well as by their biodiesel purification for glycerol removal. Findings indicated that high biodiesel yield can be achieved by using catalytic synthesized membranes of different materials; while their stability presents high rate after several runs in batch mode or continuous running mode. In the purification process, glycerol removal over filtration membrane systems seems to be a viable solution for obtaining high quality biodiesel and avoiding wet washing methods that result in wastewater generation. Membrane technology contributes in biodiesel production and purification processes enhancing cost reduction and environmental protection. Nevertheless, more research is required for further industrialization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Performance on Biodiesel Production and Purification: A Review

C.¹,

Elissavet²

2022

Int. J. Membrane Sci. Techno.

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“…Both conventional and in situ biodiesel production using oil and alcohols produces biodiesel-fatty acid esters and about 10% by-product-technical glycerol [16]. Recently, there has been interest in the innovative process of the interesterification of oil with shortchain carboxylate esters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic In Situ Interesterification of Rapeseed Oil with Methyl Formate in Diesel Fuel Medium

Makareviciene,

Kazancev,

Sendzikiene

et al. 2024

Energies

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The purpose of this research was to evaluate the process of enzymatic biodiesel synthesis by directly using rapeseed as a raw material, extracting the oil contained within and interesterifying with a mixture of methyl formate and mineral diesel, choosing the amount of mineral diesel so that the ratio between it and the rapeseed oil in the seeds was 9:1. As the final product of the interesterification process, a mixture of mineral diesel and biodiesel was obtained directly, which is conventionally produced by mixing the mineral diesel and biodiesel. The tests were performed using enzymatic catalysis using the lipase Lipozyme TL TIM. Process optimization was performed using the response surface methodology. A model describing the interaction of three independent variables and their influence on the yield of rapeseed oil methyl esters was developed. The physical and chemical indicators of the product obtained under optimal interesterification conditions were evaluated.

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“…Recently, in renewable fuels, IOCMs have been developed using different membrane matrices to remove water content such as polyethersulfone [10] and polydimethylsiloxane [11]. Developed IOCMs have achieved a high removal of more than 90% of impurities, especially glycerol, during biodiesel production [12]. In comparison to the conventional wet washing method, biodiesel purification using an IOCM could practically avoid the excessive use of water and wastewater yield [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Chitosan/Rice Husk-Based Silica Composite Membranes for Biodiesel Purification

et al. 2022

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Inorganic–organic composite membranes (IOCMs) are an alternative separation method developed for their straightforward process, economic benefits, and ease of scaling up. The IOCMs in this study were prepared from a biopolymer chitosan matrix and rice husk-based silica filler to remove impurities from crude biodiesel. The IOCMs were prepared through phase inversions, in which the priorly prepared silica particles were dispersed in the dope solution of chitosan. The maximum loading of the silica particles was 60%, capable of reducing the soap level, free glycerol level, and acid number from 547.9 to 12.2 mg/L, 54 to 0.041%, and 2.02 to 1.12 mgKOH/g. These reduced impurity values have satisfied the standardized quality. The chemical composition and morphology of the IOCM was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope–energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy. The IOCM water absorption-based porosity and swelling degree were studied as well. Further investigation using isothermal modeling revealed the adsorption dependency against the Sips model equation (R2 = 0.99 and root-mean-square errors = 1.77 × 10−8). Even though regeneration is still a challenging factor in this study, the IOCM prepared from chitosan and rice husk-derived silica particles could be used in crude biodiesel purification.

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Significance of Membrane Applications for High-Quality Biodiesel and Byproduct (Glycerol) in Biofuel Industries—Review

Cited by 15 publications

References 81 publications

Membrane Performance on Biodiesel Production and Purification: A Review

Membrane Performance on Biodiesel Production and Purification: A Review

Enzymatic In Situ Interesterification of Rapeseed Oil with Methyl Formate in Diesel Fuel Medium

Development of Chitosan/Rice Husk-Based Silica Composite Membranes for Biodiesel Purification

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