Significance of mastocytemia in cats

“…The prognosis is poor. Metastases to regional lymph nodes and liver are common, but to our knowledge, bladder metastases have not been reported 8 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…The majority (67%) had visceral or cutaneous MC neoplasia. Low numbers (3/33) had renal disease and no evidence of neoplasia, but these animals had no splenic cytology or histology; and therefore, concurrent MCT could not be ruled out 8 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is your diagnosis? Granulated cells in the urine of a cat

McConkey

Carey²,

Kaiser

2020

“…This case is an exceedingly rare example of 2 hematologic neoplasms occurring simultaneously in a single animal. One other case of concurrent multiple myeloma and mast cell neoplasia occurring in a cat was found incidentally and exceedingly few have been reported in the human literature . The simultaneous presence of 2 hematologic neoplasms makes this case interesting from both a diagnostic standpoint and an oncology point of view.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Concurrent multiple myeloma and mast cell neoplasia in a 13‐year‐old castrated male Maine Coon cat

Bagwell

Herd

Breshears

et al. 2017

A 13-year-old, castrated male Maine Coon cat was presented to Oklahoma State University Boren Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital for yearly echocardiographic examination monitoring hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) diagnosed in 2003. Physical examination revealed a heart murmur and premature beats, likely related to HCM, but was otherwise unremarkable. A biochemistry profile revealed a hyperglobulinemia (6.3 g/dL). Cytologic examination of fine-needle aspirates from liver and spleen revealed increased numbers of plasma cells and mast cells, confirmed with subsequent histologic examination. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for c-kit in the spleen and liver showed mast cells predominantly exhibiting type I staining pattern, with moderate numbers exhibiting type II pattern in spleen, and scattered cells exhibiting type II and III patterns in liver. Bone marrow cytology and core biopsy documented approximately 22% plasma cells. Cutaneous masses on the cat's left shoulder and right carpus were cytologically confirmed mast cell tumors. Serum protein electrophoresis with immunofixation confirmed an IgG monoclonal gammopathy. This is an example of 2 hematologic neoplasms occurring simultaneously in a cat. Concurrent pathologies may be overlooked if a single disease is diagnosed and suspected of causing all clinical signs. Both neoplasms were well differentiated, and neoplastic cells could have easily been interpreted as a reactive population had a full workup not been performed. Missing either diagnosis could result in a potentially lethal outcome. Eleven months after diagnoses, the cat was clinically doing well following a splenectomy and oral prednisolone and chlorambucil chemotherapy. Globulins decreased to 4.9 g/dL.

“…In this case, a fine needle aspirate of a MCT was admixed with the dog's blood (which had no circulating MC) in the needle hub. This generated 23% of mast cells (MC pos ) counted on the blood smears, which mimics the numbers reported in dogs and cats . A cell tube block of the buffy coat was obtained, and hematologic data were compared with three analyzers (impedance and flow cytometry).…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In dogs, MCs appear in various diseases, other than mast cell tumors (MCT) . In contrast, in cats, MCs have been observed in buffy coats in MC‐related diseases, with a reported incidence of 0.05 to 0.33% …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“Now you see it, now you don’t”: The fate of mast cells in blood

Simões

Malhão

Marcos

2019

A D E F B C G K L I I J H F I G U R E 1 A, Capillary tubes filled with blood containing added saline and no mast cells (MC neg ) vs blood mixed with a suspension of mast cells (MC pos ). B, The packed cell volume (≈35%) and height of the buffy coat were similar in both tubes. C, Mast cell (arrow) in MC pos sample found at the feathered edge of the smear. The mast cells were larger or a similar size compared with neutrophils, and had granules (Hemacolor, Merck, bar = 15 µm). D, The buffy coat cell tube block containing MC neg blood shows the granulocyte and mononuclear layers (bracket), with lymphocyte and monocyte layer (arrowhead), and the platelets (asterisk) at the upper position, H&E stain, bar = 300 µm. E, The MC pos blood shows that the granulocyte and mononuclear layers were increased compared with the MC neg sample, and some mast cells appeared in the platelet column (asterisk), H&E stain, bar = 300 µm. Many mast cells (arrows) appeared in the granulocyte layer (detailed in F), H&E stain, bar = 30 µm. Histograms of MC neg (G) and MC pos (H) blood from an impedance analyzer show a few of the parameters [total number of leukocytes (#WBC), the percentage of granulocytes (%Gran), lymphocytes (%Lymph), and monocytes (%Mon), with reference intervals (RI)]. In the MC pos blood (H), the histogram changed at the region of smaller and larger cells (red line represents MC neg ). The peroxidase scattergram of MC neg (I) and MC pos (J) blood from a flow cytometric analyzer (Advia 2120). The increased number of green dots in the MC pos compared with the MC neg samples was interpreted as monocytes. The increased light blue dots in the MC pos compared with the MC neg samples were interpreted as large unstained cells (LUCs; J, block arrow), and an increased and abnormal basophil percentage (%Bas) in the MC pos compared with the MC neg samples was also reported. Differential scattergram of MC neg (K) and MC pos (L) blood obtained with another flow cytometric analyzer (Sysmex XT-2000iV). The light blue dots (white asterisk in L) interpreted by the analyzer as neutrophils and basophils were increased in the MC pos compared with the MC neg samples. These dots likely indicate the presence of the mast cells