Significance of Archaea in terrestrial biogeochemical cycles and global climate change

Dubey, Garima; Kollah, Bharati; Ahirwar, Usha; Tiwari, Sneh; Mohanty, Santosh Ranjan

doi:10.5897/ajmr2014.7036

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…A variety of different minerals have been described for karst and pseudokarst areas to date [9], with the most common being calcareous rock (i.e., limestone) and basaltic rock (e.g., lava tubes). The dissolving of the rock and the precipitation of the minerals initiates speleothem formation.…”

Section: Caves and Karst Environments 21 Caves And Karst-characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extremophilic Microorganisms in Central Europe

et al. 2021

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Extremophiles inhabit a wide variety of environments. Here we focus on extremophiles in moderate climates in central Europe, and particularly in Slovenia. Although multiple types of stress often occur in the same habitat, extremophiles are generally combined into groups according to the main stressor to which they are adapted. Several types of extremophiles, e.g., oligotrophs, are well represented and diverse in subsurface environments and karst regions. Psychrophiles thrive in ice caves and depressions with eternal snow and ice, with several globally distributed snow algae and psychrophilic bacteria that have been discovered in alpine glaciers. However, this area requires further research. Halophiles thrive in salterns while thermophiles inhabit thermal springs, although there is little data on such microorganisms in central Europe, despite many taxa being found globally. This review also includes the potential use of extremophiles in biotechnology and bioremediation applications.

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Section: Caves and Karst Environments 21 Caves And Karst-characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, extremophile microorganisms have been used historically in medicine in the antibiotic industry [6], and more recently, new technological applications have become evident [7], along with other approaches [8,9]. One such use is for the biosequestration of CO 2 from the atmosphere [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extremophilic Microorganisms in Central Europe

et al. 2021

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Archaeal Distribution in Moonmilk Deposits from Alpine Caves and Their Ecophysiological Potential

et al. 2016

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(Alpine) caves are, in general, windows into the Earth's subsurface. Frequently occurring structures in caves such as moonmilk (secondary calcite deposits) offer the opportunity to study intraterrestrial microbial communities, adapted to oligotrophic and cold conditions. This is an important research field regarding the dimensions of subsurface systems and cold regions on Earth. On a methodological level, moonmilk deposits from 11 caves in the Austrian Alps were collected aseptically and investigated using a molecular (qPCR and DGGE sequencing-based) methodology in order to study the occurrence, abundance, and diversity of the prevailing native Archaea community. Furthermore, these Archaea were enriched in complex media and studied regarding their physiology, with a media selection targeting different physiological requirements, e.g. methanogenesis and ammonia oxidation. The investigation of the environmental samples showed that all moonmilk deposits were characterized by the presence of the same few habitat-specific archaeal species, showing high abundances and constituting about 50 % of the total microbial communities. The largest fraction of these Archaea was ammonia-oxidizing Thaumarchaeota, while another abundant group was very distantly related to extremophilic Euryarchaeota (Moonmilk Archaea). The archaeal community showed a depth- and oxygen-dependent stratification. Archaea were much more abundant (around 80 %), compared to bacteria, in the actively forming surface part of moonmilk deposits, decreasing to about 5 % down to the bedrock. Via extensive cultivation efforts, it was possible to enrich the enigmatic Moonmilk Archaea and also AOA significantly above the level of bacteria. The most expedient prerequisites for cultivating Moonmilk Archaea were a cold temperature, oligotrophic conditions, short incubation times, a moonmilk surface inoculum, the application of erythromycin, and anaerobic (microaerophilic) conditions. On a physiological level, it seems that methanogenesis is of marginal importance, while ammonia oxidation and a still undiscovered metabolic pathway are vital elements in the (archaeal) moonmilk biome.

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Phylum-Level Archaeal Distributions in the Sediments of Chinese Lakes With a Large Range of Salinity

Yang

Jiang

et al. 2018

Geomicrobiology Journal

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Significance of Archaea in terrestrial biogeochemical cycles and global climate change

Cited by 4 publications

References 74 publications

Extremophilic Microorganisms in Central Europe

Extremophilic Microorganisms in Central Europe

Archaeal Distribution in Moonmilk Deposits from Alpine Caves and Their Ecophysiological Potential

Phylum-Level Archaeal Distributions in the Sediments of Chinese Lakes With a Large Range of Salinity

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