Signatures of three-nucleon interactions in few-nucleon systems

Abstract

Recent experimental results in three-body systems have unambiguously shown that calculations based only on nucleon-nucleon forces fail to accurately describe many experimental observables and one needs to include effects which are beyond the realm of the two-body potentials. This conclusion owes its significance to the fact that experiments and calculations can both be performed with high accuracy. In this review, both theoretical and experimental achievements of the past decade will be underlined. Selected results will be presented. The discussion on the effects of the three-nucleon forces is, however, limited to the hadronic sector. It will be shown that despite the major successes in describing these seemingly simple systems, there are still clear discrepancies between data and the state-of-the-art calculations.

Comparative study of three-nucleon force models in nuclear matter

“…In the previous expression n (1,2,3) is the density distribution of the nucleon 3 in relation to the nucleon 1 at r 1 and nucleon 2 at r 2 . The function n (1,2,3) represents the effect of the NN correlations and will suppress the contributions from the short-range part of W (1,2,3).…”

Structure of Nuclei from Lattice Simulations

“…An ab initio calculations of the quark mass dependence of the ground state energies of 4 He, 8 Be and 12 C, and of the energy of the Hoyle state in 12 C have been performed [22,23]. The sensitivity of the production rate of carbon and oxygen in red giant stars to the fundamental constants of nature was investigated by considering the impact of variations in the light quark masses and the electromagnetic fine-structure constant on the reaction rate of the triple-alpha process.…”

“…It is based on triangulation of the large Euclidean time limit from a variety of SU(4) invariant initial interactions. The ground states of alpha nuclei from 4 He to 28 Si are calculated Fig. 2.…”

“…Shown are the various contribution to the ground-state energy at LO, isospin-symmetric and isospinbreaking NLO and NNLO. The data points at d = 1 (blue) refer to the simulation with the physical Hamiltonian, whereas the points at d < 1 are performed with one specific value of the LEC C SU (4) . The range of d is chosen such that one is sure to have a linear extrapolation to d = 1.…”

“…in Refs. [2][3][4]. For going beyond light nuclei, one can either combine these forces with standard many-body methods like the no-core-shell-model, the coupled cluster approach, and so on (for some recent such works see Refs.…”