Signal transduction mutants of arabidopsis uncouple nuclear CAB and RBCS gene expression from chloroplast development

Susek, R E; Ausubel, Frederick M.; Chory, Joanne

doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90459-4

Cited by 587 publications

(625 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…In an Arabidopsis variegation mutant var2, expression of nuclear-encoded genes for chloroplast photosynthetic proteins was strongly repressed in white sectors (Kato et al 2007), suggesting that retrograde signaling (Susek et al 1993) from plastids to nucleus is involved in the formation of these sectors (Nott et al 2006). Moreover, Yoshida et al (2008) reported that the amount of mitochondrial protein, porin, was larger in white than in green sectors of var2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of chloroplast dysfunction in a subpopulation of leaf mesophyll cells on photosynthetic and respiratory activities of a whole leaf: A study using variegated leaves of Hedera helix L.

et al. 2009

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Summary:A variegated leaf of Hedera helix is composed of green and white mesophyll cells with and without photosynthetic capacity, respectively. We measured the photosynthesis and dark respiration rates, as well as CO 2 compensation points, of H. helix leaves with various extents of variegation. The photosynthetic rate (on an area basis) of the variegated leaves increased almost linearly according to the increase in the proportion of green area to total leaf area. In contrast, dark respiration rate was nearly constant irrespective of the extent of leaf variegation. These results suggest that chloroplast dysfunction in white mesophyll cells did not drastically affect photosynthetic activity of green mesophyll cells, or respiratory rates of both green and white mesophyll cells. CO 2 compensation point was elevated when the proportion of green area became extremely low, indicating that the proportion of non-photosynthetic cells within a photosynthetic organ could affect its CO 2 compensation point.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of chloroplast dysfunction in a subpopulation of leaf mesophyll cells on photosynthetic and respiratory activities of a whole leaf: A study using variegated leaves of Hedera helix L.

et al. 2009

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“…Norflurazon specifically inhibits phytoene desaturase, which is required for carotenoid biosynthesis and chloroplast biogenesis [17]. gun alleles either attenuate negative regulators or promote positive regulators of PhANG expression [5,18,[20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

Section: The Gun Mutant Screenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…gun mutant screens use reporter genes to screen for Arabidopsis mutants that transcribe elevated levels of PhANGs when chloroplast biogenesis is blocked with norflurazon treatments [5,18,[20][21][22]. Norflurazon specifically inhibits phytoene desaturase, which is required for carotenoid biosynthesis and chloroplast biogenesis [17].…”

Section: The Gun Mutant Screenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of plastids on light signalling and development

Larkin

2014

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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In addition to their contribution to metabolism, chloroplasts emit signals that influence the expression of nuclear genes that contribute to numerous plastidic and extraplastidic processes. Plastid-to-nucleus signalling optimizes chloroplast function, regulates growth and development, and affects responses to environmental cues. An incomplete list of plastid signals is available and particular plastid-to-nucleus signalling mechanisms are partially understood. The plastid-to-nucleus signalling that depends on the GENOMES UNCOUPLED ( GUN ) genes couples the expression of nuclear genes to the functional state of the chloroplast. Analyses of gun mutants provided insight into the mechanisms and biological functions of plastid-to-nucleus signalling. GUN genes contribute to chloroplast biogenesis, the circadian rhythm, stress tolerance, light signalling and development. Some have criticized the gun mutant screen for employing inhibitors of chloroplast biogenesis and suggested that gun alleles do not disrupt significant plastid-to-nucleus signalling mechanisms. Here, I briefly review GUN -dependent plastid-to-nucleus signalling, explain the flaws in the major criticisms of the gun mutant screen and review the influence of plastids on light signalling and development.

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“…The reporter construct, herein called pOCA108, contains two full-length CAB3 promoters (see details in Susek et al, 1993) fused to either the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) gene from Arabidopsis (Chang and Meyerowitz, 1986) or the Escherichia coli 0-glucuronidase (&A, or GUS) gene (Jefferson, 1987). We chose ADH because both positive and negative genetic selections exist for this enzyme (Bonner et al, 1984).…”

Section: Mutant Lsolation and Genetic Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

CUE1: A Mesophyll Cell-Specific Positive Regulator of Light-Controlled Gene Expression in Arabidopsis.

et al. 1995

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Light plays a key role in the development and physiology of plants. One of the most profound effects of light on plant development is the derepression of expression of an array of light-responsive genes, including the genes encoding the chlorophyll alb binding proteins (CAB) of photosystem II. To understand the mechanism by which light signals nuclear gene expression, we developed a genetic selection to identify mutants with reduced CAB transcription. Here, we describe a new Arabidopsis locus, COE7 (for CAS ynderexpressed). Mutations at this locus result in defects in expression of several light-regulated genes, specifically in mesophyll but not in bundle-associated or epidermis cells. Reduced accumulation of CAB and other photosynthesis-related mRNAs in the mesophyll was correlated with defects in chloroplast development in these cells, resulting in a reticulate pattern with veins greener than the interveinal regions of leaves.Moreover, chalcone synthase mRNA, although known to be regulated by both phytochrome and a blue light receptor, accumulated normally in the leaf epidermis. Dark basal levels of CAB expression were unaffected in etiolated cueí seedlings; however, induction of CAB transcription by pulses of red and blue light was reduced, suggesting that CUEl acts downstream from both phytochrome and blue light photoreceptors. CUEl appears to play a role in the primary derepression of mesophyll-specific gene expression in response to light, because cueí mutants are severely deficient at establishing photoautotrophic growth. Based on this characterization, we propose that CUEí is a cell-specific positive regulator linking light and intrinsic developmental programs in Arabidopsis leaf mesophyll cells.

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Signal transduction mutants of arabidopsis uncouple nuclear CAB and RBCS gene expression from chloroplast development

Cited by 587 publications

References 60 publications

Effects of chloroplast dysfunction in a subpopulation of leaf mesophyll cells on photosynthetic and respiratory activities of a whole leaf: A study using variegated leaves of Hedera helix L.

Effects of chloroplast dysfunction in a subpopulation of leaf mesophyll cells on photosynthetic and respiratory activities of a whole leaf: A study using variegated leaves of Hedera helix L.

Influence of plastids on light signalling and development

CUE1: A Mesophyll Cell-Specific Positive Regulator of Light-Controlled Gene Expression in Arabidopsis.

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