Signal strength variations at 2 GHz for three sea paths in the British Channel Islands: Observations and statistical analysis

Siddle, D. R.; Warrington, E.M.; Gunashekar, Salil

doi:10.1029/2006rs003616

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…However, the enhancement in signal strength provided by the evaporation duct is not sufficient to exceed the free space threshold. Additionally, the distribution of data in the lower frame of Figure 2 corroborates the observation made in the companion paper [ Siddle et al , 2007] that during periods of normal reception, stronger signals are received when tide heights are low and vice versa.…”

Section: Signal Strength Variations and The Estimated Evaporation Ducsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…This paper describes a series of long‐term UHF propagation measurements carried out over three completely over‐sea paths in the English Channel ranging from 21.0 km to 48.5 km in length. The measurements and accompanying statistical analyses that have been presented both here and in the companion paper [ Siddle et al , 2007] provide a useful addition to the limited statistics related to the low‐altitude propagation of 2 GHz radio waves over long‐range sea paths in temperate regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Signal strength variations at 2 GHz for three sea paths in the British Channel Islands: Detailed discussion and propagation modeling

et al. 2007

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[1] Signal strength measurements at 2 GHz have recently been made on three over-sea paths in the British Channel Islands. This paper focuses on explaining the propagation characteristics during periods of normal reception and periods of enhanced signal strength with particular emphasis on a 48.5 km transhorizon path between Jersey and Alderney. Evaporation ducting and diffraction appear to be the dominant propagation mechanisms at most times. The influence of the evaporation duct during periods of normal propagation has been confirmed by modeling the over-sea propagation conditions using Paulus-Jeske evaporation duct refractivity profiles as input to the parabolic equation method. During periods of enhanced propagation, which occur approximately 8% of the time on the longest path (48.5 km), the presence of additional higher-altitude ducting/super-refractive structures has been verified and their influence has been modeled with reasonable success.

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Section: Signal Strength Variations and The Estimated Evaporation Ducsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signal strength variations at 2 GHz for three sea paths in the British Channel Islands: Detailed discussion and propagation modeling

et al. 2007

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“…Sea level marine meteorological data were obtained on an hourly basis from the Channel Light Vessel (CLV) (49°54′N, 2°54′W) anchored in the English Channel to the northwest of all the radio paths (see Figure 1). Further details of the experimental setup are given by Siddle et al [2007] and Gunashekar et al [2007a].…”

Section: Experimental Arrangementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When either or both the transmitting and receiving antennas are located within the duct, the percentage of signals exceeding −90 dBm increases to about 75%. Similarly, for the low antenna link for which the mean signal strength is lower than that of the high antenna link [see Siddle et al , 2007; Gunashekar et al , 2007a], approximately 24% of the received signals exceed −90 dBm when both the transmitting and receiving antennas are outside the duct. However, this figure increases to approximately 36% when the receiving antenna is submerged within the evaporation duct and the transmitting antenna is outside the duct.…”

Section: Observations and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term statistics related to evaporation duct propagation of 2 GHz radio waves in the English Channel

2010

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[1] This paper presents long-term statistics additional to those previously published pertaining to evaporation duct propagation of UHF radio waves in the British Channel Islands, with particular focus on a completely over-sea 50 km transhorizon path. The importance of the evaporation duct as an anomalous propagation mechanism in marine and coastal regions is highlighted. In particular, the influence of various atmospheric parameters on the performance of a popular operational evaporation duct model is examined. The strengths and weaknesses of this model are evaluated under specific atmospheric conditions. The relationship between the continually varying evaporation duct height and transmitter-receiver antenna geometries is analyzed, and a range of statistics related to the implications of this relationship on the received signal strength is presented. The various issues under investigation are of direct relevance in the planning of long-range, over-sea radio systems operating in the UHF band, and have implications for the radio regulatory work carried out by organizations such as the International Telecommunication Union.Citation: Gunashekar, S. D., E. M. Warrington, and D. R. Siddle (2010), Long-term statistics related to evaporation duct propagation of 2 GHz radio waves in the English Channel, Radio Sci., 45, RS6010,

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“…Such condition may be found in the proximity of a warm front or a quasi-stationary front. Gunashekar and Warrington analyzed the experimental about the subrefraction and detailed discussion propagation modeling under this condition [11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of a case of subrefraction and its influence on electromagnetic waves propagation

Tang

Wang

Huang

2012

2012 IEEE 14th International Conference on Communication Technology

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Subrefraction is a kind of refractive type, although it appears less probability, however, it has a significant effect on the electromagnetic wave propagation. Subrefraction has diametrically opposite characteristic compared with the evaporation duct which traps electromagnetic wave, it can make the electromagnetic wave propagation away from the earth, so that the radar detection range reduced. By using bulk algorithm of evaporation duct, the method of calculation subrefractive profile is researched. By the method of simu-lation, the influence of subrefraction on electromagnetic waves propagation and its "anti-duct" characteristics are discussed. Finally the characteristic of subrefraction was studied by using the observation data in Fujian Pingtan Island .

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Signal strength variations at 2 GHz for three sea paths in the British Channel Islands: Observations and statistical analysis

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Signal strength variations at 2 GHz for three sea paths in the British Channel Islands: Detailed discussion and propagation modeling

Signal strength variations at 2 GHz for three sea paths in the British Channel Islands: Detailed discussion and propagation modeling

Long-term statistics related to evaporation duct propagation of 2 GHz radio waves in the English Channel

Analysis of a case of subrefraction and its influence on electromagnetic waves propagation

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