Signal processing of quantitative continuous measurement of movements in the extremities

Classification of extremity movements by visual observation of signals and their transforms

“…A low-cost method for trained raters around the world to blindly rate the signals of quantitative continuous measurements of movements of the extremities [4 , 5] and their transforms was presented in this article. Validation of the method with the ratings of 35 trained raters of assessments of participants with PD, MSA, and TD [8 , 9] was described.…”

“…The proposed protocol has been constructed to provide the means for trained raters to score the signals of movements and their transforms without seeing the movements performed by participants and without knowing the diagnosis of the participant and the laterality of movement. The protocol has been remotely conducted by 35 trained raters located around the world to produce a valuable dataset [8 , 9] for analysis and interpretation.…”

“…The goal of the current protocol is to provide the means for trained raters to remotely provide objective assessments of the signals and their transforms of the output of our low-cost quantitative continuous measurement of movements in the extremities of people with Parkinson's disease without observing the participant performance of the tasks [5] , [6] , [7] . To attain this end, we sought to develop a method for 35 experts certified in the MDS-UPDRS [4] to blindly rate the signals and transforms of our quantitative continuous measurement of movements in the extremities of cohorts of people with PD and control and comparison groups [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] .…”

“…The videos of the live assessments are being prepared for publication. However, the published materials express data in varying formats that cannot be correlated for blind ratings by experts without access to the original data because the published data are in separate datasets [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] that cannot easily be combined by humans using visual observation. For this reason, we sought to develop a protocol to express the signals and the transforms of the five repetitive movements (3.4 Finger tapping, 3.5 Hand movements, 3.6 Pronation-supination movements of hands, 3.7 Toe tapping, and 3.8 Leg agility) [4 , 5] of each of the cohorts in a format suitable for blind rating by experts unfamiliar with the original data [11] , [12] , [13] .…”

“…They could take as much time as they wanted to complete and submit each set of ratings. The full set of ratings was completed by 35 trained raters certified in the MDS-UPDRS [4 , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] ].…”