Signal Processing in Vestibular Nuclei: Dissociating Sensory, Motor, and Cognitive Influences

Cullen, Kathleen E.; Roy, Jefferson E.; Sylvestre, Pierre A.

doi:10.1007/0-387-22673-7_16

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…to rotations or translations of the animals in darkness, without concurrent somatosensory signals (Marlinski and McCrea, 2008a). Similar "vestibular-only" neurons have repeatedly been described in the vestibular nuclei (Cullen et al, 2003;Tomlinson and Robinson, 1984). The existence of such neurons in thalamic nuclei suggests the presence of first-order thalamic relays containing neurons in which signals are not mixed with visual and somatosensory signals.…”

Section: Drivers and Modulators In The Vestibular Thalamusmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…At the level of vestibular nuclei neurons, electrophysiological recordings in monkeys revealed strongly modulated (decreased) responses during active and voluntary head movements as compared to passive head movements, although primary vestibular afferents reliably code for active head movements (Angelaki and Cullen, 2008;Cullen et al, 2003;McCrea et al, 1999;Roy and Cullen, 2004). These observations indicated that such vestibular nuclei signals are strongly modulated depending on the context of the movement and that efference copy signals can cancel the response of vestibular nuclei neurons during active motion (Angelaki and Cullen, 2008;Cullen et al, 2003). Marlinski and McCrea (2008b) investigated this issue and described neural responses of the VP thalamus in the squirrel monkey.…”

Section: Thalamic Response To Active and Passive Movementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter include electrical stimulation of the cortex in epileptic patients and the description of patients with focal brain damage reporting vestibular dysfunctions. As the anatomy and physiology of the vestibular nuclei and cerebellum have been largely described in the literature (Angelaki and Cullen, 2008;Barmack, 2003;Berthoz and Vidal, 1993;Carpenter, 1988;Cullen et al, 2003;Lacour and Borel, 1993), the present review focuses on the identification of the multiple thalamic nuclei and cortical areas receiving vestibular inputs in animals and humans. Moreover, because the electrophysiological responses of single neurons in vestibular cortex have been reviewed in detail previously (Angelaki and Cullen, 2008;Berthoz, 1996;Fukushima, 1997;Grüsser et al, 1994;Guldin and Grüsser, 1998), they will not be discussed here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The thalamocortical vestibular system in animals and humans

Lopez

Blanke

2011

Brain Research Reviews

460

379

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The vestibular system provides the brain with sensory signals about three-dimensional head rotations and translations. These signals are important for postural and oculomotor control, as well as for spatial and bodily perception and cognition, and they are subtended by pathways running from the vestibular nuclei to the thalamus, cerebellum and the "vestibular cortex."The present review summarizes current knowledge on the anatomy of the thalamocortical vestibular system and discusses data from electrophysiology and neuroanatomy in animals by comparing them with data from neuroimagery and neurology in humans. Multiple thalamic nuclei are involved in vestibular processing, including the ventroposterior complex, the ventroanterior-ventrolateral complex, the intralaminar nuclei and the posterior nuclear group 2 0 1 1 ) 1 1 9 -1 4 6 Abbreviations: 3aHv, 3a-hand-vestibular area; 3aNv, 3a-neck-vestibular area; ASS, anterior suprasylvian cortex; DVN, descending vestibular nucleus; FEF, frontal eye fields; Ig, insula granularis; IL, intralaminar nuclei; LD, lateral dorsal nucleus; LGN, lateral geniculate nucleus; LP, lateral posterior nucleus; LVN, lateral vestibular nucleus; MGmc, medial geniculate nucleus, pars magnocellularis; MGN, medial geniculate nucleus; MIP, medial intraparietal area; MST, medial superior temporal area; MT, middle temporal area; MVN, medial vestibular nucleus; PIVC, parieto-insular vestibular cortex; PO, posterior group of the thalamus; Reipt, area retroinsularis pars parietalis; Ri, area retroinsularis; SGN, suprageniculate nucleus; SVN, superior vestibular nucleus; TPJ, temporo-parietal junction; VA, ventroanterior thalamic nucleus; Vim, nucleus ventralis intermedius; VIP R A I N R E S E A R C H R E V I E W S 6 7 (

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Section: Drivers and Modulators In The Vestibular Thalamusmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Thalamic Response To Active and Passive Movementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The thalamocortical vestibular system in animals and humans

Lopez

Blanke

2011

Brain Research Reviews

460

379

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…From electrophysiological studies performed on whole animals and preparations of the whole brainstem or brain slices primarily obtained from mammals, several popular catalogs of vestibular nuclei neurons have emerged. In whole animals, type I and type II neurons are distinguished by their activation on ipsilateral or contralateral head rotation (Precht et al, 1966 ; Sadeghi et al, 2010 ), vestibular only (VO) neurons are identified by their responses to passive head rotations in the ipsilateral direction (Cullen et al, 2003 ; Beraneck et al, 2007 ), and position–vestibular pause (PVP) neurons are identified by their monosynaptic responses to primary vestibular fibers, ability to encode horizontal head velocity during rotation, and responses to eye movements without head movements (Beraneck and Cullen, 2007 ). In fact, most vestibular nuclei neurons participating in the VOR fall into the category of PVP neurons, which includes both type I and type II neurons (Cullen et al, 2003 ).…”

Section: Structure/function Studies On the Vestibular Nuclear Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic Concepts in Understanding Recovery of Function in Vestibular Reflex Networks during Vestibular Compensation

Peusner¹,

Shao²,

Reddaway³

et al. 2012

Front. Neur.

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Unilateral peripheral vestibular lesions produce a syndrome of oculomotor and postural deficits with the symptoms at rest, the static symptoms, partially or completely normalizing shortly after the lesion due to a process known as vestibular compensation. The symptoms are thought to result from changes in the activity of vestibular sensorimotor reflexes. Since the vestibular nuclei must be intact for recovery to occur, many investigations have focused on studying these neurons after lesions. At present, the neuronal plasticity underlying early recovery from the static symptoms is not fully understood. Here we propose that knowledge of the reflex identity and input–output connections of the recorded neurons is essential to link the responses to animal behavior. We further propose that the cellular mechanisms underlying vestibular compensation can be sorted out by characterizing the synaptic responses and time course for change in morphologically defined subsets of vestibular reflex projection neurons. Accordingly, this review focuses on the perspective gained by performing electrophysiological and immunolabeling studies on a specific subset of morphologically defined, glutamatergic vestibular reflex projection neurons, the principal cells of the chick tangential nucleus. Reference is made to pertinent findings from other studies on vestibular nuclei neurons, but no comprehensive review of the literature is intended since broad reviews already exist. From recording excitatory and inhibitory spontaneous synaptic activity in principal cells, we find that the rebalancing of excitatory synaptic drive bilaterally is essential for vestibular compensation to proceed. This work is important for it defines for the first time the excitatory and inhibitory nature of the changing synaptic inputs and the time course for changes in a morphologically defined subset of vestibular reflex projection neurons during early stages of vestibular compensation.

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Biomechanical Modeling of Semicircular Canals for Fabricating a Biomimetic Vestibular System

Ciaravella

Laschi²,

Dario³

2006

2006 International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

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This paper presents a biomechanical model of the semicircular canals of the human vestibular system and the design of a 3D biomimetic structure that mimics the biological system. Starting from anatomical and physiological data, mechanical and structural parameters have been identified and a mathematical model has been formulated, by considering the semicircular organ as a canal filled by a liquid. The mathematical and mechanical models were used to simulate the behavior of the semicircular canals under known conditions of angular velocity and acceleration along three axes. Furthermore, the membrane inside the semicircular canals was simulated to understand what the mechanical properties of the membrane are and if polymeric materials can reproduce the mechanical characteristics of the biological organ. The results obtained from the model allow to design a biomimetic organ, as a part of a biomimetic vestibular system, by following this biomechatronic approach.

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Signal Processing in Vestibular Nuclei: Dissociating Sensory, Motor, and Cognitive Influences

Cited by 4 publications

References 51 publications

The thalamocortical vestibular system in animals and humans

The thalamocortical vestibular system in animals and humans

Basic Concepts in Understanding Recovery of Function in Vestibular Reflex Networks during Vestibular Compensation

Biomechanical Modeling of Semicircular Canals for Fabricating a Biomimetic Vestibular System

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